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Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3
Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.
Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.
I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.
The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.
The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.
/stɪl ðə ˈmɪnəstər ˈstrʌɡəld ənd stɪl ðə ɡuːs rɪˈzɪstɪd/
Line 2
Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.
Line 3
I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.
Line 4
The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.
/ðə skwaɪr hæd dʒʌst reɪzd ðə pɪɡ əˈpɑːn hɪz fɔːrk wen ˈsiːɪŋ maɪ ænts dɪˈskʌvəri hiː drɑːpt ɪt ənd ðə dɪʃ wɑːz nɑːkt ɔːl tuː smæʃ/
Line 5
The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.
/ðə ˈsekstən hæd drɔːn hɪz biːnz tuː ðə edʒ ʌv ðə ˈteɪbəl əˈnʌðər pʊl æz hiː sɔː ðə ɡuːs ənd ˈoʊvər ɪt went/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arm's noun US /ɑːrmz/

possessive form of “arm” — a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

Aunt's noun US /ænts/

possessive form of “aunt” — the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

beans noun US /biːnz/

plural of “bean” — any of various edible seeds of plants of the family Leguminosae used for food

From this reading “The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.”

onions noun US /ˈʌnjənz/

plural of “onion” — the bulb of an onion plant

From this reading “I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.”

pounce verb US /paʊns/

move down on as if in an attack

From this reading “I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.”

sexton noun US /ˈsekstən/

United States poet (1928-1974)

From this reading “The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.”

skewer noun US /sˈkjuːər/

a long pin for holding meat in position while it is being roasted

From this reading “I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.”

smash verb US /smæʃ/

hit hard

From this reading “The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

grew nervous verb + adjective counted as “grow nervous”

In this reading “Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

arm'snounUS /ɑːrmz/

possessive form of “arm” — a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

AuntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

Aunt'snounUS /ænts/

possessive form of “aunt” — the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

beansnounUS /biːnz/

plural of “bean” — any of various edible seeds of plants of the family Leguminosae used for food

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

conqueredverbUS /ˈkɑːŋkərd/

past form of “conquer” — bring under control by force or authority

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

dilating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

dishnounUS /dɪʃ/

a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

draggingadjectiveUS /ˈdræɡɪŋ/

marked by a painfully slow and effortful manner

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

forknounUS /fɔːrk/

cutlery used for serving and eating food

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

goosenounUS /ɡuːs/

web-footed long-necked typically gregarious migratory aquatic birds usually larger and less aquatic than ducks

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

knockedverbUS /nɑːkt/

past form of “knock” — deliver a sharp blow or push

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

MinisternounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

Nabby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

onionsnounUS /ˈʌnjənz/

plural of “onion” — the bulb of an onion plant

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

pignounUS /pɪɡ/

domestic swine

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

pounceverbUS /paʊns/

move down on as if in an attack

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

pullverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

resistedverbUS /rɪˈzɪstɪd/

past form of “resist” — elude, especially in a baffling way

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

sextonnounUS /ˈsekstən/

United States poet (1928-1974)

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

skewernounUS /sˈkjuːər/

a long pin for holding meat in position while it is being roasted

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

smashverbUS /smæʃ/

hit hard

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

SquirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

tailor's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Still the Minister struggled, and still the goose resisted.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

uglyadjectiveUS /ˈʌɡli/

displeasing to the senses

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Squire had just raised the pig upon his fork, when seeing my Aunt’s discovery, he dropped it and the dish was knocked all to smash.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The sexton had drawn his beans to the edge of the table, another pull as he saw the goose, and over it went.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I saw my Aunt’s eye dilating, her hand moved ugly, and then pounce, just when the Minister thought he had conquered the enemy, my Aunt drove the round steel through the onions into the eye of the skewer as she thought, and dragging forth the tailor’s goose, held it at arm’s length before the company.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Aunt Nabby grew nervous, and the more the Minister struggled, the more the goose would not come.

Chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 by Thomas Chandler [Editor] Haliburton holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 403 sentences of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 by Thomas Chandler [Editor] Haliburton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3

Common questions about reading Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 by Thomas Chandler [Editor] Haliburton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3?

Yes. All 2921 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49863 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49863, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 take to read?

About 243 minutes of reading across 585 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 section by section

How to work through Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adapted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Slick
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Traits of American Humour, Vol. 1 of 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.