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Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa
Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa is here in full — 643 sentences across 129 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.
_Saturday, Jan.
18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.
At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.
Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa is here in full — 643 sentences across 129 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/128 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.
Line 2
_Saturday, Jan.
/ˈsætərdi dʒæn/
Line 3
18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.
Line 4
At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.
Line 5
Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allowance noun US /əˈlaʊəns/

an amount allowed or granted (as during a given period)

From this reading “18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.”

camels noun US /ˈkæməlz/

plural of “camel” — cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions

From this reading “18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.”

constituted adjective US /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading “Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.”

encampment noun US /ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt/

a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent

From this reading “At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.”

hilly adjective US /ˈhɪli/

having hills and crags

From this reading “At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.”

Jan noun US /dʒæn/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading “_Saturday, Jan.”

ornament verb US /ˈɔːrnəmənt/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.”

recruit verb US /rəˈkruːt/

register formally as a participant or member

From this reading “18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

short distance adjective + noun

In this reading “At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.”

five miles noun + noun counted as “five mile”

In this reading “At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.”

first day adjective + noun

In this reading “18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

allowancenounUS /əˈlaʊəns/

an amount allowed or granted (as during a given period)

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

camelsnounUS /ˈkæməlz/

plural of “camel” — cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

constitutedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

encampmentnounUS /ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt/

a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

GAZÁWA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

haltverbUS /hɔːlt/

cause to stop

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

hillyadjectiveUS /ˈhɪli/

having hills and crags

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.

JannounUS /dʒæn/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading _Saturday, Jan.

Kálgo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

KÁTSENA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.

landscapenounUS /ˈlændskeɪp/

an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view

From this reading Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

ornamentverbUS /ˈɔːrnəmənt/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

recruitverbUS /rəˈkruːt/

register formally as a participant or member

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

RESIDENCEnounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading GAZÁWA.—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

saltnounUS /sɔːlt/

a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

SaturdaynounUS /ˈsætərdi/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading _Saturday, Jan.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

Tamarinds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tamarinds constituted the greatest ornament of the landscape.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading At the considerable village of Kálgo, which we passed at a little less than five miles beyond our encampment, the country became rather hilly, but only for a short distance.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading 18._—We made a good start with our camels, which, having been treated to a considerable allowance of salt on the first day of our halt, had made the best possible use of these four days’ rest to recruit their strength.

Chapter 13 of Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa by Heinrich Barth holds 643 sentences, grouped into 129 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 13 holds 643 sentences of Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa, unabridged, divided into 129 reading sections.

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