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True Stories of History and Biography
True Stories of History and Biography

Chapter XVI

Cover illustration for True Stories of History and Biography
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.
This took place in 1716.
The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."
"Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."
"I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True Stories of History and Biography

Chapter XVI

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.
Line 2
This took place in 1716.
Line 3
The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."
Line 4
"Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."
Line 5
"I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Answered noun US /ˈanswered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “"I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."”

Continued noun US /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “"Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."”

Hear noun US /hear/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."”

Nobody pronoun US /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading “"Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.”

Shall modal verb US /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading “"Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."”

Took noun US /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This took place in 1716.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1716

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This took place in 1716.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

afraid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

answerednounUS /ˈanswered/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

battles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

bitter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Charley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

Colonel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

continuednounUS /ˈcontinued/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Cotton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

crafty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

disappointed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

doing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

Dudley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Duke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

enemy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

exulted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Flanders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

fought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

government

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Governor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Grandfather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

hearnounUS /hear/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

hope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This took place in 1716.

Marlborough's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

Mather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

new

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

nobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

Now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

officer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This took place in 1716.

politician

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

removed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

renowned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

Shute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The new governor had been an officer in the renowned Duke of Marlborough’s army, and had fought in some of the great battles in Flanders."

succeeded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This took place in 1716.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

tooknounUS /took/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This took place in 1716.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Now, I hope," said Charley, "we shall hear of his doing great things."

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Cotton Mather," continued Grandfather, "was a bitter enemy to Governor Dudley; and nobody exulted more than he, when that crafty politician was removed from the government, and succeeded by Colonel Shute.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "I am afraid you will be disappointed, Charley," answered Grandfather.