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True Stories of History and Biography
True Stories of History and Biography

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.
"In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.
He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.
The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.
But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True Stories of History and Biography

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.
/naʊ ðæt ˈɡrændfɑːðər hæd fɔːt θruː ðə oʊld frentʃ wɔːr ɪn wɪtʃ ˈaʊər tʃer meɪd noʊ ˈveri dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt ˈfɪɡjər hiː θɔːt ɪt haɪ taɪm tuː tel ðə ˈtʃɪldrən sʌm ʌv ðə mɔːr ˈpraɪvət ˈhɪstəri ʌv ðæt ˈpreɪzwɜːrði oʊld piːs ʌv ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/
Line 2
"In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.
Line 3
He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.
/hiː wɑːz ə ɡeɪ ənd ˈfæʃənəbəl ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈdʒentəlmən huː hæd spent mʌtʃ ʌv hɪz laɪf ɪn ˈlʌndən bʌt hæd ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl əˈkweɪntəns wɪð əˈmerəkə/
Line 4
The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.
/ðə nuː ˈɡʌvərnər əˈpɪrz tuː hæv ˈteɪkən noʊ ˈæktɪv pɑːrt ɪn ðə wɔːr ðæt wɑːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ ɑːn ˌɔːlˈðoʊ æt wʌn ˈpɪriəd hiː tɔːkt ʌv ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ əˈɡenst ðə ˈenəmi æt ðə hed ʌv hɪz ˈkʌmpəniː ʌv kəˈdets/
Line 5
But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."
/bʌt ɑːn ðə hoʊl hiː ˈprɑːbəbliː kənˈkluːdəd ðæt ɪt wɑːz mɔːr bɪˈfɪtɪŋ ə ˈɡʌvərnər tuː rɪˈmeɪn ˈkwaɪətli ɪn ˈaʊər tʃer ˈriːdɪŋ ðə ˈnuːzpeɪpərz ənd əˈfɪʃəl ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

befitting adjective US /bɪˈfɪtɪŋ/

appropriate to

From this reading “But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."”

cadets noun US /kəˈdets/

plural of “cadet” — a military trainee (as at a military academy)

From this reading “The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.”

documents noun US /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading “But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."”

fashionable adjective US /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

being or in accordance with current social fashions

From this reading “He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.”

marching noun US /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading “The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.”

Massachusetts noun US /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “"In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.”

newspapers noun US /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading “But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."”

praiseworthy adjective US /ˈpreɪzwɜːrði/

worthy of high praise

From this reading “Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1757

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

befittingadjectiveUS /bɪˈfɪtɪŋ/

appropriate to

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

cadetsnounUS /kəˈdets/

plural of “cadet” — a military trainee (as at a military academy)

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

fashionableadjectiveUS /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

being or in accordance with current social fashions

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

furniturenounUS /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furnishings that make a room or other area ready for occupancy

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

GrandfathernounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

newspapersnounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

Pownall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

praiseworthyadjectiveUS /ˈpreɪzwɜːrði/

worthy of high praise

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

quietlyadverbUS /ˈkwaɪətli/

with low volume

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

Shirley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

summonedverbUS /ˈsʌmənd/

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading The new governor appears to have taken no active part in the war that was going on; although, at one period, he talked of marching against the enemy, at the head of his company of cadets.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "In 1757," said Grandfather, "after Shirley had been summoned to England, Thomas Pownall was appointed governor of Massachusetts.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Now that Grandfather had fought through the Old French War, in which our chair made no very distinguished figure, he thought it high time to tell the children some of the more private history of that praiseworthy old piece of furniture.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But, on the whole, he probably concluded that it was more befitting a governor to remain quietly in our chair, reading the newspapers and official documents."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was a gay and fashionable English gentleman, who had spent much of his life in London, but had a considerable acquaintance with America.

Chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography by Nathaniel Hawthorne holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography contain?

Chapter 21 holds 104 sentences of True Stories of History and Biography, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography by Nathaniel Hawthorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of True Stories of History and Biography?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading True Stories of History and Biography

Common questions about reading True Stories of History and Biography by Nathaniel Hawthorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of True Stories of History and Biography?

Yes. All 3836 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15697 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of True Stories of History and Biography is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15697, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does True Stories of History and Biography take to read?

About 319 minutes of reading across 768 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read True Stories of History and Biography section by section

How to work through True Stories of History and Biography section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of True Stories of History and Biography to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in True Stories of History and Biography

Words and structures a reader meets early in True Stories of History and Biography, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Grandfather
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True Stories of History and Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sitting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True Stories of History and Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arm-chair
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True Stories of History and Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True Stories of History and Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.