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True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)
True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AN ADIEU.
The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.
They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.
The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.
Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN ADIEU.
/æn əˈduː/
Line 2
The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.
Line 3
They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.
/ðeɪ naʊ priˈzentɪd ˈoʊnli ə rɪm ʌv ˈflæʃɪŋ waɪt əˈlɔːŋ ðə ˈʌpər edʒ təˈwɔːrdz ðə sʌn/
Line 4
The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.
/ðə kɑːnˈkeɪv vɒlt wɪˈðɪn wɑːz dɪm ənd ˈloʊərɪŋ ənd wɑːz ədˈvænsɪŋ ˈvɪzəbli əˈpɑːn ðə ˈdɑːrkənd siː/
Line 5
Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

concave adjective US /kɑːnˈkeɪv/

curving inward

From this reading “The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.”

continuous adjective US /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

flickering adjective US /ˈflɪkərɪŋ/

shining unsteadily

From this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

grumble verb US /ˈɡrʌmbəl/

show one's unhappiness or critical attitude

From this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

lowering adjective US /ˈloʊərɪŋ/

darkened by clouds

From this reading “The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.”

rim noun US /rɪm/

the shape of a raised edge of a more or less circular object

From this reading “They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.”

sighing verb US /ˈsaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “sigh” — heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

visibly adverb US /ˈvɪzəbli/

in a visible manner

From this reading “The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

upper edge adjective + noun

In this reading “They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.”

across the water preposition + article + noun counted as “across … water”

In this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

came across verb + particle counted as “come across”

find unexpectedly

In this reading “Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.”

in the east preposition + article + noun counted as “in … east”

In this reading “The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

ADIEUnounUS /əˈduː/

a farewell remark

From this reading AN ADIEU.

advancingadjectiveUS /ədˈvænsɪŋ/

moving forward

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN ADIEU.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

cloud-masses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

concaveadjectiveUS /kɑːnˈkeɪv/

curving inward

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

continuousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

darkenedadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkənd/

(of fabrics and paper) grown dark in color over time

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

dimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

far-offadjective

very far away in space or time

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

flashingnounUS /ˈflæʃɪŋ/

a short vivid experience

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

flickeringadjectiveUS /ˈflɪkərɪŋ/

shining unsteadily

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

grumbleverbUS /ˈɡrʌmbəl/

show one's unhappiness or critical attitude

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

lightningnounUS /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

LowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

loweringadjectiveUS /ˈloʊərɪŋ/

darkened by clouds

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

rimnounUS /rɪm/

the shape of a raised edge of a more or less circular object

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

sighingverbUS /ˈsaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “sigh” — heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The cloud-masses in the east had risen over half the sky.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

thunderverbUS /ˈθʌndər/

move fast, noisily, and heavily

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

upperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

vaultnounUS /vɒlt/

An arched structure of masonry forming a ceiling, or a secure subterranean storage room.

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

visiblyadverbUS /ˈvɪzəbli/

in a visible manner

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading They now presented only a rim of flashing white along the upper edge towards the sun.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Low sighing voices came across the water, with the continuous flickering of far-off lightning and the grumble of distant thunder.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The concave vault within was dim and lowering, and was advancing visibly upon the darkened sea.

Chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) by Robert Cleland holds 102 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 18 holds 102 sentences of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) by Robert Cleland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 102 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)

Common questions about reading True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) by Robert Cleland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)?

Yes. All 2716 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40324 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40324, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) take to read?

About 226 minutes of reading across 544 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) section by section

How to work through True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Prologue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Orleans--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brief
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 1 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.