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True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)
True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PAUL AND VIRGINIA.
The storm exhausted itself at length.
The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.
It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.
The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PAUL AND VIRGINIA.
/pɔːl ənd vərˈdʒɪnjə/
Line 2
The storm exhausted itself at length.
/ðə stɔːrm ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ˌɪtˈself æt leŋkθ/
Line 3
The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.
Line 4
It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.
Line 5
The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.
/ðə ˈpɑːrti stʊd raʊnd ðə ˈfaɪər wɪð ˈsʌmθɪŋ nɑːt ˈɡreɪtli riˈmuːvd frʌm ə ˈʃɪvər ənd wɔːrmd ðer hændz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abated verb US /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading “The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.”

degrees noun US /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading “It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.”

exhausted adjective US /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading “The storm exhausted itself at length.”

shiver verb US /ˈʃɪvər/

tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement

From this reading “The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.”

temperature noun US /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading “It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.”

virginia noun US /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading “PAUL AND VIRGINIA.”

warmed adjective US /wɔːrmd/

having been warmed up

From this reading “The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.”

westward adverb US /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading “The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at length preposition + noun

in a lengthy or prolix manner

In this reading “The storm exhausted itself at length.”

passed on verb + particle counted as “pass on”

place into the hands or custody of

In this reading “The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

70

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

75

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

90

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

abatedverbUS /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

agonynounUS /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Extreme physical or mental suffering; intense anguish.

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading PAUL AND VIRGINIA.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

chillinessnoun

the property of being moderately cold

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

paler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

partedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːrtɪd/

having a margin incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

PAULnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading PAUL AND VIRGINIA.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

removedadjectiveUS /riˈmuːvd/

separated in relationship by a given degree of descent

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

shiververbUS /ˈʃɪvər/

tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The storm exhausted itself at length.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

thunderverbUS /ˈθʌndər/

move fast, noisily, and heavily

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

VIRGINIAnounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading PAUL AND VIRGINIA.

warmedadjectiveUS /wɔːrmd/

having been warmed up

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was now evening, and the air felt fresh even to chilliness, for the temperature had fallen a matter of fifteen degrees--from 90° to 70° or 75°.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading The thunder passed on westward, the rain abated and ceased, the clouds parted and rolled away, leaving the sky clear but paler for its agony of tears.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The party stood round the fire with something not greatly removed from a shiver, and warmed their hands.

Chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) by Robert Cleland holds 152 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 1 holds 152 sentences of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) by Robert Cleland exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 152 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)

Common questions about reading True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) by Robert Cleland on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)?

Yes. All 2685 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40325 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40325, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) take to read?

About 223 minutes of reading across 537 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) section by section

How to work through True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Virginia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Storm
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Exhausted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Itself
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to a Type, Vol. 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.