Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
True to the Old Flag
True to the Old Flag

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag is here in full — 222 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for True to the Old Flag
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BUNKER'S HILL.
The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.
The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.
The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.
A more barefaced misstatement was never made.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True to the Old Flag

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag is here in full — 222 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BUNKER'S HILL.
Line 2
The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.
/ðə ɪkˈsaɪtmənt kɑːzd baɪ ðə nuːz ʌv ðə faɪt æt ˈkɑːnkɔːrd wɑːz ˌɪnˈtens ənd æz ɪt spred θruː ðə ˈkɑːləniz ðə men ˈevriwer rʌʃt tuː ɑːrmz/
Line 3
The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.
/ðə freɪ æt ˈleksɪŋtən wɑːz ˌreprɪˈzentɪd æz ə ˈwɔːntən ˈaʊtreɪdʒ ənd ðə fækt ˈhoʊli ˌɪɡˈnɔːrd ðæt ðə ˈkɑːlənɪsts kənˈsɜːrnd ɪn ɪt wɜːr drɔːn ʌp ɪn ɑːrmz tuː əˈpoʊz ðə ˈpæsədʒ ʌv ðə kɪŋz truːps huː wɜːr ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ ɑːn ðer ləˈdʒɪtəmət ˈduːti ʌv ˈsiːzɪŋ ɑːrmz ənd ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən kəˈlektəd fɔːr ðə ˈpɜːrpəs ʌv ˈwɔːrɪŋ əˈɡenst ðə kɪŋ/
Line 4
The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.
/ðə kəˈloʊniəl ˈɔːrətərz ənd ˈnuːzpeɪpər ˈraɪtərz əˈfɜːrmd ðen æz ðeɪ hæv əˈfɜːrmd sɪns ðæt ʌp tuː ðə deɪ ʌv ˈleksɪŋtən noʊ wʌn hæd ə θɔːt ʌv ˈfaɪrɪŋ ə ʃɑːt əˈɡenst ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt/
Line 5
A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affirmed noun US /əˈfɜːrmd/

thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1978

From this reading “The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.”

colonial adjective US /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading “The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.”

colonists noun US /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.”

Concord noun US /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading “The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.”

Lexington noun US /ˈleksɪŋtən/

town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought

From this reading “The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.”

misstatement noun US /mɪˈsteɪtmənt/

a statement that contains a mistake

From this reading “A more barefaced misstatement was never made.”

orators noun US /ˈɔːrətərz/

plural of “orator” — a person who delivers a speech or oration

From this reading “The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.”

warring adjective US /ˈwɔːrɪŋ/

engaged in war

From this reading “The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

affirmednounUS /əˈfɜːrmd/

thoroughbred that won the triple crown in 1978

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

ammunitionnounUS /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

projectiles to be fired from a gun

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

barefacedadjective

with no effort to conceal

From this reading A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

BUNKER'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BUNKER'S HILL.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

collectedadjectiveUS /kəˈlektəd/

brought together in one place

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

colonialadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

colonistsnounUS /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

concernedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrnd/

feeling or showing worry or solicitude

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

ConcordnounUS /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

firingnounUS /ˈfaɪrɪŋ/

the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

frayverbUS /freɪ/

wear away by rubbing

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

HILLnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading BUNKER'S HILL.

ignoredadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡˈnɔːrd/

disregarded

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

king'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

legitimateadjectiveUS /ləˈdʒɪtəmət/

of marriages and offspring; recognized as lawful

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

LexingtonnounUS /ˈleksɪŋtən/

town in eastern Massachusetts near Boston where the first battle of the American Revolution was fought

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

misstatementnounUS /mɪˈsteɪtmənt/

a statement that contains a mistake

From this reading A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading A more barefaced misstatement was never made.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

newspapernounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpər/

a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

opposeverbUS /əˈpoʊz/

be against; express opposition to

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

oratorsnounUS /ˈɔːrətərz/

plural of “orator” — a person who delivers a speech or oration

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

outragenounUS /ˈaʊtreɪdʒ/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

rushedadjectiveUS /rʌʃt/

done under pressure

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

seizingnounUS /ˈsiːzɪŋ/

small stuff that is used for lashing two or more ropes together

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

wantonverbUS /ˈwɔːntən/

waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

warringadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːrɪŋ/

engaged in war

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The excitement caused by the news of the fight at Concord was intense and, as it spread through the colonies, the men everywhere rushed to arms.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The fray at Lexington was represented as a wanton outrage, and the fact wholly ignored that the colonists concerned in it were drawn up in arms to oppose the passage of the king's troops, who were marching on their legitimate duty of seizing arms and ammunition collected for the purpose of warring against the king.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The colonial orators and newspaper writers affirmed then, as they have affirmed since, that, up to the day of Lexington, no one had a thought of firing a shot against the Government.

Chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 222 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag contain?

Chapter 5 holds 222 sentences of True to the Old Flag, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 222 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of True to the Old Flag?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading True to the Old Flag

Common questions about reading True to the Old Flag by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of True to the Old Flag?

Yes. All 5340 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8859 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of True to the Old Flag is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8859, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does True to the Old Flag take to read?

About 445 minutes of reading across 1068 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read True to the Old Flag section by section

How to work through True to the Old Flag section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of True to the Old Flag to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in True to the Old Flag

Words and structures a reader meets early in True to the Old Flag, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Concord
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cousin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.