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True to the Old Flag
True to the Old Flag

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag is here in full — 60 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.
Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.
Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.
The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.
Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

True to the Old Flag

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag is here in full — 60 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.
/ðə end ʌv ðə ˈstrʌɡəl/
Line 2
Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.
/ˈbiːɪŋ əˈneɪbəl tuː əbˈteɪn ˈeni səˈplaɪz æt ˈwɪlmɪŋtən lɔːrd kɔːrnˈwɔːləs dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː mɑːrtʃ ɑːn ˈɪntuː vərˈdʒɪnjə ənd tuː ɪˈfekt ə ˈdʒʌŋkʃən wɪð ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ fɔːrs ˈʌndər ˈdʒenərəl ˈɑːrnəld ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ ðer/
Line 3
Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.
Line 4
The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.
Line 5
Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arnold noun US /ˈɑːrnəld/

English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)

From this reading “Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.”

colonial adjective US /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading “The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.”

Cornwallis noun US /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading “Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.”

junction noun US /ˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

the place where two or more things come together

From this reading “Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.”

operate verb US /ˈɑːpəreɪt/

direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading “Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.”

operating adjective US /ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ/

involved in a kind of operation

From this reading “Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.”

Petersburg noun US /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading “Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.”

Wilmington noun US /ˈwɪlmɪŋtən/

a town in southeastern North Carolina on the Cape Fear River

From this reading “Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

20

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

ArnoldnounUS /ˈɑːrnəld/

English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

Beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

colonialadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

consultationnounUS /ˌkɑːnsəlˈteɪʃən/

a conference (usually with someone important)

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

CornwallisnounUS /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

crushverbUS /krʌʃ/

come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

effectedadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪd/

settled securely and unconditionally

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

ENDnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.

Fayette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

Grasse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

junctionnounUS /ˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

the place where two or more things come together

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

JustadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

MarquisnounUS /ˌmɑːrˈkiː/

humorist who wrote about the imaginary life of cockroaches (1878-1937)

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

operateverbUS /ˈɑːpəreɪt/

direct or control; projects, businesses, etc.

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

operatingadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəreɪtɪŋ/

involved in a kind of operation

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

PetersburgnounUS /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading Arnold advanced to Petersburg and Cornwallis effected a junction with him on May 20.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

STRUGGLEverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.

suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE END OF THE STRUGGLE.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Marquis de la Fayette, who commanded the colonial forces here, fell back.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Just at this time the Count de Grasse, with a large French fleet, arrived off the coast, and, after some consultation with General Washington, determined that the French fleet and the whole American army should operate together to crush the forces under Lord Cornwallis.

WilmingtonnounUS /ˈwɪlmɪŋtən/

a town in southeastern North Carolina on the Cape Fear River

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Being unable to obtain any supplies at Wilmington, Lord Cornwallis determined to march on into Virginia and to effect a junction with the British force under General Arnold operating there.

Chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 60 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag contain?

Chapter 21 holds 60 sentences of True to the Old Flag, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 60 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of True to the Old Flag?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 5340 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8859 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #8859, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 445 minutes of reading across 1068 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in True to the Old Flag

Words and structures a reader meets early in True to the Old Flag, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frontier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Concord
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cousin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of True to the Old Flag; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.