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Trumps

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Trumps is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
NEWS FROM HOME.
Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.
He tore it open and read it:
"MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.
Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Trumps

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Trumps is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
NEWS FROM HOME.
/nuːz frʌm hoʊm/
Line 2
Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.
/ˈeɪbəl faʊnd ə ˈletər ˈweɪtɪŋ fɔːr hɪm wen hiː rɪˈtɜːrnd tuː ðə skuːl/
Line 3
He tore it open and read it:
/hiː tɔːr ɪt ˈoʊ.pən ənd red ɪt/
Line 4
"MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.
Line 5
Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.
/jɔːr ˈɡrændfɑːðər huː hæd noʊn ənd rɪˈspektɪd ˈmɪstər ɡreɪ ɪn ˈfɔːrmər jɪrz left juː æz juː noʊ ə sʌm səˈfɪʃənt fɔːr jɔːr ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən əˈpɑːn kənˈdɪʃən ʌv jɔːr ˈbiːɪŋ pleɪst æt ˈmɪstər ɡreɪz ənˈtɪl jɔːr ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Abel noun US /ˈeɪbəl/

Norwegian mathematician (1802-1829)

From this reading “Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.”

active adjective US /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading “"MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.”

birthday noun US /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/

an anniversary of the day on which a person was born (or the celebration of it)

From this reading “Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.”

grandfather's noun US /ˈɡrændfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “grandfather” — the father of your father or mother

From this reading “"MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.”

Gray's noun US /ɡreɪz/

possessive form of “gray” — a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading “Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.”

nineteenth adjective US /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading “Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.”

respected adjective US /rɪˈspektɪd/

receiving deferential regard

From this reading “Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.”

tore noun US /tɔːr/

commonly the lowest molding at the base of a column

From this reading “He tore it open and read it:”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

AbelnounUS /ˈeɪbəl/

Norwegian mathematician (1802-1829)

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He tore it open and read it:

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

birthdaynounUS /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/

an anniversary of the day on which a person was born (or the celebration of it)

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading NEWS FROM HOME.

grandfathernounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðər/

the father of your father or mother

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

grandfather'snounUS /ˈɡrændfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “grandfather” — the father of your father or mother

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

GraynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

Gray'snounUS /ɡreɪz/

possessive form of “gray” — a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

HOMEnounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading NEWS FROM HOME.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He tore it open and read it:

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

NEWSnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading NEWS FROM HOME.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading He tore it open and read it:

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He tore it open and read it:

respectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektɪd/

receiving deferential regard

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

torenounUS /tɔːr/

commonly the lowest molding at the base of a column

From this reading He tore it open and read it:

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Abel found a letter waiting for him when he returned to the school.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Your grandfather, who had known and respected Mr. Gray in former years, left you, as you know, a sum sufficient for your education, upon condition of your being placed at Mr. Gray's until your nineteenth birthday.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "MY DEAR ABEL,--You have now nearly reached the age at which, by your grandfather's direction, you were to leave school and enter upon active life.

Chapter 4 of Trumps by George William Curtis holds 194 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Trumps contain?

Chapter 4 holds 194 sentences of Trumps, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Trumps by George William Curtis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 194 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Trumps?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Trumps

Common questions about reading Trumps by George William Curtis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Trumps?

Yes. All 9285 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15498 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Trumps is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15498, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Trumps take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1857 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Trumps section by section

How to work through Trumps section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Trumps to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Trumps

Words and structures a reader meets early in Trumps, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Wayne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trumps; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Report
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trumps; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Savory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trumps; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Coming
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trumps; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.