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Turning Point
Turning Point

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Turning Point is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Turning Point
Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.
_The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.
Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.
A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Turning Point

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Turning Point is here in full — 441 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.
Line 2
Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.
Line 3
_The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.
/ðə mæn ɪz rer huː wɪl ɡɪv hɪz laɪf fɔːr wʌt ɪz ˈmɪrli ðə ˈlesər ʌv tuː ˈiːvəlz/
Line 4
Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.
Line 5
A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

copyright noun US /ˈkɑːpiraɪt/

a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work

From this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

Creche noun US /kreʃ/

a hospital where foundlings (infant children of unknown parents) are taken in and cared for

From this reading “Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.”

cube noun US /kjuːb/

a hexahedron with six equal squares as faces

From this reading “A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.”

escarpments noun US /eˈskɑːrpmənts/

plural of “escarpment” — a long steep slope or cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge; usually formed by erosion

From this reading “A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.”

topping noun US /ˈtɑːpɪŋ/

a flavorful addition on top of a dish

From this reading “A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.”

tougher adjective US /ˈtʌfər/

comparative of “tough” — not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading “Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.”

turbulent adjective US /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading “A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.”

uncover verb US /ənˈkʌvər/

remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body

From this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at the expense preposition + article + noun counted as “at … expense”

In this reading “Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.”

any evidence adjective + noun

In this reading “Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.”

of humanity preposition + noun

In this reading “Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.”

produced from verb + particle counted as “produce from”

In this reading “This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1953

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

2500

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

Anno

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

beingsnounUS /ˈbiːɪŋz/

plural of “being” — the state or fact of existing

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

copyrightnounUS /ˈkɑːpiraɪt/

a document granting exclusive right to publish and sell literary or musical or artistic work

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

CrechenounUS /kreʃ/

a hospital where foundlings (infant children of unknown parents) are taken in and cared for

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

cubenounUS /kjuːb/

a hexahedron with six equal squares as faces

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

decisionnounUS /dɪˈsɪʒən/

the act of making up your mind about something

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

Domini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

escarpmentsnounUS /eˈskɑːrpmənts/

plural of “escarpment” — a long steep slope or cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge; usually formed by erosion

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

etext

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

evilsnounUS /ˈiːvəlz/

plural of “evil” — morally objectionable behavior

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

expensenounUS /ɪkˈspens/

amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

ExtensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

FictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

humanitynounUS /hjuːˈmænɪti/

the quality of being humane

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

lesseradjectiveUS /ˈlesər/

of less size or importance

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

Merrick's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

mile-square

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

raggedadjectiveUS /ˈræɡəd/

being or dressed in clothes that are worn or torn

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

renewedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnuːd/

restored to a new condition

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

researchnounUS /riˈsɜːrtʃ/

systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

SciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

toppingnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪŋ/

a flavorful addition on top of a dish

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

tougheradjectiveUS /ˈtʌfər/

comparative of “tough” — not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

turbulentadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading A great, mile-square blind cube topping a ragged mountain; bare escarpments falling away to a turbulent sea.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

uncoververbUS /ənˈkʌvər/

remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body

From this reading Extensive research did not uncover any evidence that the U.S. copyright on this publication was renewed.

versa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

vicenounUS /vaɪs/

moral weakness

From this reading Merrick's decision was even tougher: to save human beings at the expense of humanity, or vice versa?_ _This, then, was the Creche, Anno Domini 2500.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _The man is rare who will give his life for what is merely the lesser of two evils.

WorldsnounUS /wɜːrldz/

plural of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading This etext was produced from If Worlds of Science Fiction November 1953.

Chapter 1 of Turning Point by Alfred Coppel holds 441 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Turning Point contain?

Chapter 1 holds 441 sentences of Turning Point, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Turning Point by Alfred Coppel exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 441 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Turning Point?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Turning Point

Common questions about reading Turning Point by Alfred Coppel on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Turning Point?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Turning Point is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Turning Point take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Turning Point section by section

How to work through Turning Point section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Turning Point

Words and structures a reader meets early in Turning Point, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Turning Point, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Turning Point, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Turning Point, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.