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Two Years Before the Mast
Two Years Before the Mast

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.
We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.
The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.
The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.
In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Two Years Before the Mast

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.
Line 2
We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.
Line 3
The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.
/ðə ˈkæptən tʊk ædˈvæntɪdʒ ʌv ðɪs faɪn ˈweðər tuː ɡet ðə ˈvesəl ɪn ˈɔːrdər fɔːr ˈkʌmɪŋ əˈpɑːn ðə koʊst/
Line 4
The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.
Line 5
In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.
/ɪn ðə miːn taɪm wiː wɜːr emˈplɔɪd ɪn ˈwɜːrkɪŋ əˈpɑːn ðə ˈrɪɡɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aft adverb US /æft/

at or near or toward the stern of a ship or tail of an airplane

From this reading “"TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.”

altering noun US /ˈɔːltərɪŋ/

the sterilization of an animal

From this reading “We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.”

bracing noun US /ˈbreɪsɪŋ/

a structural member used to stiffen a framework

From this reading “We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.”

retail verb US /ˈriːteɪl/

be sold at the retail level

From this reading “The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.”

rigging noun US /ˈrɪɡɪŋ/

gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails

From this reading “In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.”

samples noun US /ˈsæmpəlz/

plural of “sample” — a small part of something intended as representative of the whole

From this reading “The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.”

tarring verb US /ˈtɑːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “tar” — coat with tar

From this reading “"TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.”

trades noun US /treɪdz/

plural of “trade” — the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading “We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

AFTadverbUS /æft/

at or near or toward the stern of a ship or tail of an airplane

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

alteringnounUS /ˈɔːltərɪŋ/

the sterilization of an animal

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

bracingnounUS /ˈbreɪsɪŋ/

a structural member used to stiffen a framework

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

CALIFORNIAnounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

cargonounUS /ˈkɑːrɡoʊ/

goods carried by a large vehicle

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

carpenternounUS /ˈkɑːrpəntər/

a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

DAILYadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

DOWNadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

Fernandez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

fittingadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

GOINGnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

goodsnounUS /ɡʊdz/

plural of “good” — benefit

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

Juan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

landedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

lighternounUS /ˈlaɪtər/

a substance used to ignite or kindle a fire

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

retailverbUS /ˈriːteɪl/

be sold at the retail level

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

riggingnounUS /ˈrɪɡɪŋ/

gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails

From this reading In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

samplesnounUS /ˈsæmpəlz/

plural of “sample” — a small part of something intended as representative of the whole

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

soldadjectiveUS /soʊld/

disposed of to a purchaser

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

south-eastadverb

to, toward, or in the southeast

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

steeragenoun

the cheapest accommodations on a passenger ship

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

TARRINGverbUS /ˈtɑːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “tar” — coat with tar

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

trade-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

tradesnounUS /treɪdz/

plural of “trade” — the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The carpenter was employed in fitting up a part of the steerage into a trade-room; for our cargo, we now learned, was not to be landed, but to be sold by retail from on board; and this trade-room was built for the samples and the lighter goods to be kept in, and as a place for the general business.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "TARRING DOWN"--DAILY LIFE--"GOING AFT"--CALIFORNIA As we saw neither land nor sail from the time of leaving Juan Fernandez until our arrival in California, nothing of interest occurred except our own doing on board.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading The captain took advantage of this fine weather to get the vessel in order for coming upon the coast.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading In the mean time we were employed in working upon the rigging.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading We caught the south-east trades, and run before them for nearly three weeks, without so much as altering a sail or bracing a yard.

Chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast by Richard Henry Dana holds 87 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast contain?

Chapter 8 holds 87 sentences of Two Years Before the Mast, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast by Richard Henry Dana exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 87 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Two Years Before the Mast?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Two Years Before the Mast

Common questions about reading Two Years Before the Mast by Richard Henry Dana on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Two Years Before the Mast?

Yes. All 5389 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2055 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Two Years Before the Mast is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2055, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Two Years Before the Mast take to read?

About 449 minutes of reading across 1078 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Two Years Before the Mast section by section

How to work through Two Years Before the Mast section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

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Vocabulary met early in Two Years Before the Mast

Words and structures a reader meets early in Two Years Before the Mast, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fourteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Two Years Before the Mast; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
August
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Two Years Before the Mast; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fixed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Two Years Before the Mast; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sailing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Two Years Before the Mast; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.