Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Under False Pretences: A Novel
Under False Pretences: A Novel

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under False Pretences: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SAN STEFANO.
When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.
He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.
It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.
There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under False Pretences: A Novel

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SAN STEFANO.
Line 2
When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.
Line 3
He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.
/hiː ərˈaɪvd æt hɪz ˌdestəˈneɪʃən ɑːn æn ˈiːvnɪŋ leɪt ɪn noʊˈvembər/
Line 4
It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.
/ɪt wɑːz bɪˈtwiːn faɪv ənd sɪks əˈklɑːk wen hiː keɪm tuː ðə ˈlɪtəl waɪt ˈvɪlədʒ ˈnestlɪŋ ɪn ə kleft ʌv ðə hɪlz wɪð ðə ˈmɑːnəsteri ɑːn ə sloʊp bɪˈhaɪnd ɪt/
Line 5
There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autumnal adjective US /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

of or characteristic of or occurring in autumn

From this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

cleft noun US /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading “It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.”

clusters noun US /ˈklʌstərz/

plural of “cluster” — a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

mountainous adjective US /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading “There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.”

nestling noun US /ˈnestlɪŋ/

young bird not yet fledged

From this reading “It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.”

plodded verb US /ˈplɑːdɪd/

inflected form of “plod” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

ploughed adjective US /plaʊd/

(of farmland) broken and turned over with a plow

From this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

wintry adjective US /ˈwɪntri/

characteristic of or occurring in winter

From this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ploughed fields adjective + noun

In this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

wintry winds adjective + noun counted as “wintry wind”

In this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

fig trees noun + noun counted as “fig tree”

any moraceous tree of the tropical genus Ficus; produces a closed pear-shaped receptacle that becomes fleshy and edible when mature

In this reading “When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.”

on a slope preposition + article + noun counted as “on … slope”

In this reading “It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.”

on an evening preposition + article + noun counted as “on … evening”

In this reading “He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

askingnounUS /ˈæskɪŋ/

the verbal act of requesting

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

autumnaladjectiveUS /ɔːˈtʌmnəl/

of or characteristic of or occurring in autumn

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

characterises

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

clearnessnounUS /ˈklɪrnəs/

free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

cleftnounUS /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

clustersnounUS /ˈklʌstərz/

plural of “cluster” — a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

crystalnounUS /ˈkrɪstəl/

a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

destinationnounUS /ˌdestəˈneɪʃən/

the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

fignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

gauntadjectiveUS /ɡɔːnt/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

heightsnounUS /haɪts/

a high place

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

Lombardynoun

a region of north central Italy bordering Switzerland

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

monasterynounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteri/

the residence of a religious community

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

mountainousadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

nestlingnounUS /ˈnestlɪŋ/

young bird not yet fledged

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading He arrived at his destination on an evening late in November.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

ploddedverbUS /ˈplɑːdɪd/

inflected form of “plod” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

ploughedadjectiveUS /plaʊd/

(of farmland) broken and turned over with a plow

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

SAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN STEFANO.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

STEFANO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SAN STEFANO.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

stretchingnounUS /ˈstretʃɪŋ/

act of expanding by lengthening or widening

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

strippedadjectiveUS /strɪpt/

having only essential or minimal features

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a background of mountainous country--green, and grey, and purple--with solemn, white heights behind, stretching far into the crystal clearness of the sky.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

travellernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

vinesnounUS /vaɪnz/

plural of “vine” — a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

wearilyadverbUS /ˈwerəli/

in a weary manner

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

wintryadjectiveUS /ˈwɪntri/

characteristic of or occurring in winter

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was between five and six o'clock when he came to the little, white village, nestling in a cleft of the hills, with the monastery on a slope behind it.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading When the vines were stripped of their clusters, and the ploughed fields stood bare and brown in the autumnal sun--when the fig trees lost their leaves, and their white branches took on that peculiarly gaunt appearance which characterises them as soon as the wintry winds begin to blow--a solitary traveller plodded wearily across the Lombardy plains, asking, as he went, for the road that would lead him to the village and monastery of San Stefano.

Chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant holds 184 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel contain?

Chapter 10 holds 184 sentences of Under False Pretences: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 184 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Under False Pretences: A Novel?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under False Pretences: A Novel

Common questions about reading Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under False Pretences: A Novel?

Yes. All 12438 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31375 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under False Pretences: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31375, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under False Pretences: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2488 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under False Pretences: A Novel section by section

How to work through Under False Pretences: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Under False Pretences: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under False Pretences: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under False Pretences: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Images
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Available
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.