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Under False Pretences: A Novel
Under False Pretences: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
KITTY.
Winter had come to our cold northern isles.
The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.
It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.
It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under False Pretences: A Novel

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
KITTY.
/ˈkɪti/
Line 2
Winter had come to our cold northern isles.
/ˈwɪntər hæd kʌm tuː ˈaʊər koʊld ˈnɔːrðərn aɪlz/
Line 3
The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.
/ðə snoʊ leɪ θɪk əˈpɑːn ðə ɡraʊnd bʌt ə ʃɑːrp frɔːst hæd meɪd ɪt hɑːrd ənd krɪsp/
Line 4
It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.
/ɪt ˈspɑːrkəld ɪn ə flʌd ʌv ˈbrɪljənt ˈsʌnʃaɪn ðə er wɑːz freʃ ənd ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ ðə skaɪ trænˈsperəntli bluː/
Line 5
It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈplezənt deɪ fɔːr ˈwɔːkɪŋ ənd wʌn ðæt mɪs ˈkɪti ˈherən siːmd ˈθɜːroʊli tuː ˌenˈdʒɔɪ æz ʃiː trɑːd ðə waɪt ˈkɑːrpət wɪð wɪtʃ ˈneɪtʃər hæd prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə wɜːrld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crisp adjective US /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading “The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.”

exhilarating adjective US /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

making lively and cheerful

From this reading “It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.”

frost noun US /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.”

Heron noun US /ˈherən/

Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)

From this reading “It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.”

isles noun US /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading “Winter had come to our cold northern isles.”

sparkled verb US /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading “It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.”

transparently adverb US /trænˈsperəntli/

so as to be easily understood or seen through

From this reading “It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.”

trod verb US /trɑːd/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading “It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

brilliant sunshine adjective + noun

In this reading “It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.”

sharp frost adjective + noun

In this reading “The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.”

upon the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … ground”

In this reading “The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.”

lay thick verb + adjective

In this reading “The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.”

sparkled in verb + particle counted as “sparkle in”

In this reading “It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

carpetnounUS /ˈkɑːrpət/

floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

crispadjectiveUS /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

enjoyverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪ/

derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

exhilaratingadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

making lively and cheerful

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

floodnounUS /flʌd/

the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

HeronnounUS /ˈherən/

Greek mathematician and inventor who devised a way to determine the area of a triangle and who described various mechanical devices (first century)

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

islesnounUS /aɪlz/

plural of “isle” — a small island

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

KITTYnounUS /ˈkɪti/

the combined stakes of the betters

From this reading KITTY.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

sparkledverbUS /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

sunshinenounUS /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/

the rays of the sun

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

transparentlyadverbUS /trænˈsperəntli/

so as to be easily understood or seen through

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

trodverbUS /trɑːd/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The snow lay thick upon the ground, but a sharp frost had made it hard and crisp.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It sparkled in a flood of brilliant sunshine; the air was fresh and exhilarating, the sky transparently blue.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

WinternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Winter had come to our cold northern isles.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It was a pleasant day for walking, and one that Miss Kitty Heron seemed thoroughly to enjoy, as she trod the white carpet with which nature had provided the world.

Chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant holds 230 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 230 sentences of Under False Pretences: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 230 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Under False Pretences: A Novel?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under False Pretences: A Novel

Common questions about reading Under False Pretences: A Novel by Adeline Sergeant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under False Pretences: A Novel?

Yes. All 12438 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31375 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under False Pretences: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31375, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under False Pretences: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2488 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under False Pretences: A Novel section by section

How to work through Under False Pretences: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under False Pretences: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under False Pretences: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Images
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Available
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under False Pretences: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.