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Under Padlock and Seal
Under Padlock and Seal

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under Padlock and Seal
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.
Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.
There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.
How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.
Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under Padlock and Seal

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.
/ˈdaʊnˈsterz ɪn ðə dɑːrk/
Line 2
Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.
Line 3
There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ daʊt ðæt ɪt wɑːz æn ˈæktʃəwəl saʊnd ənd nɑːt mɪr ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/
Line 4
How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.
Line 5
Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?
/huː ɑːn ɜːrθ ʃʊd wɑːnt tuː biː ˈɡraɪndɪŋ ˈeniθɪŋ æt ðæt taɪm ʌv naɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

grating noun US /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/

a barrier that has parallel or crossed bars blocking a passage but admitting air

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

grinding noun US /ˈɡraɪndɪŋ/

material resulting from the process of grinding

From this reading “Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?”

grindstone noun US /ˈɡraɪndstoʊn/

a revolving stone shaped like a disk; used to grind or sharpen or polish edge tools

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

hiss verb US /hɪs/

make a sharp hissing sound, as if to show disapproval

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

mingle verb US /ˈmɪŋɡəl/

to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

punctuated verb US /ˈpʌŋktʃuːeɪtɪd/

past form of “punctuate” — insert punctuation marks into

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

squeak noun US /skwiːk/

a short high-pitched noise

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

subdued adjective US /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

on earth preposition + noun

used with question words to convey surprise

In this reading “Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?”

pushed away verb + particle counted as “push away”

push out of the way

In this reading “Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.”

IN THE DARK preposition + article + noun counted as “in … dark”

In this reading “DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.”

in bed preposition + noun

In this reading “Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.”

mingle in verb + particle

In this reading “How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

bed-clothes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

DARKnounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

DOWNSTAIRSadverbUS /ˈdaʊnˈsterz/

on a floor below

From this reading DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.

dreamsnounUS /driːmz/

plural of “dream” — a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

Elsie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

gratingnounUS /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/

a barrier that has parallel or crossed bars blocking a passage but admitting air

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

grindingnounUS /ˈɡraɪndɪŋ/

material resulting from the process of grinding

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

grindstonenounUS /ˈɡraɪndstoʊn/

a revolving stone shaped like a disk; used to grind or sharpen or polish edge tools

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

hissverbUS /hɪs/

make a sharp hissing sound, as if to show disapproval

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

listenedverbUS /ˈlɪsənd/

past form of “listen” — hear with intention

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

mingleverbUS /ˈmɪŋɡəl/

to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

plainlyadverbUS /ˈpleɪnli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

punctuatedverbUS /ˈpʌŋktʃuːeɪtɪd/

past form of “punctuate” — insert punctuation marks into

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

squeaknounUS /skwiːk/

a short high-pitched noise

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

subduedadjectiveUS /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DOWNSTAIRS IN THE DARK.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

treadleverb

tread over

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no doubt that it was an actual sound, and not mere imagination.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Elsie pushed away the bed-clothes which were covering her ear, and listened; then she sat up in bed, and listened again.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who on earth should want to be grinding anything at that time of night?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading How long it had been going on, or when it first began to mingle in a confused manner with her dreams, she could not say; but now she heard it plainly enough, and recognized what it was--the peculiar, grating hiss of a grindstone, punctuated every now and then with a subdued little squeak made by the treadle.

Chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal by Harold Avery holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal contain?

Chapter 1 holds 123 sentences of Under Padlock and Seal, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal by Harold Avery exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Under Padlock and Seal?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under Padlock and Seal

Common questions about reading Under Padlock and Seal by Harold Avery on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under Padlock and Seal?

Yes. All 1558 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31231 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under Padlock and Seal is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31231, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under Padlock and Seal take to read?

About 129 minutes of reading across 312 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under Padlock and Seal section by section

How to work through Under Padlock and Seal section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Under Padlock and Seal to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under Padlock and Seal

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under Padlock and Seal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Downstairs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Padlock and Seal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Elsie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Padlock and Seal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pushed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Padlock and Seal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bed-clothes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Padlock and Seal; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.