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Under Sentence of Death
Under Sentence of Death

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death is here in full — 218 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
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MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.
Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.
Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.
Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”
This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under Sentence of Death

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death is here in full — 218 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.
/mɔːr ded ðæn əˈlaɪv ðə ˈʌðər tuː ˈprɪzənərz hæd ˈwɪtnəst ðɪs ˈfraɪtfəl ˈproʊlɑːɡ tuː ðer oʊn tʃæns/
Line 2
Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.
Line 3
Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.
Line 4
Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”
/ðen ˈtɜːrnɪŋ ˈʃɑːrpli əˈpɑːn ðə ˈsɪtəzən ˈdʒenərəl siː hiː æskt hɪm wʌt duː juː θɪŋk/
Line 5
This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

asserting adjective US /əˈsɜːrtɪŋ/

relating to the use of or having the nature of a declaration

From this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

contrasted verb US /kənˈtræstəd/

past form of “contrast” — put in opposition to show or emphasize differences

From this reading “Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.”

courageous adjective US /kərˈeɪdʒəs/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading “Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.”

Havana noun US /həˈvænə/

the capital and largest city of Cuba; located in western Cuba; one of the oldest cities in the Americas

From this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

manufacturing noun US /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

prologue noun US /ˈproʊlɑːɡ/

an introduction to a play

From this reading “MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.”

prolonging verb US /proʊˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “prolong” — lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer

From this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

snuff noun US /snʌf/

the charred portion of a candlewick

From this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

utterly confounded adverb + adjective

In this reading “This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.”

two barrels noun + noun

In this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

looked at verb + particle counted as “look at”

take into consideration for exemplifying purposes

In this reading “Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.”

with affright preposition + noun

In this reading “Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.”

other two adjective + noun

In this reading “MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

affrightnoun

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

agonynounUS /ˈæɡ.ə.ni/

Extreme physical or mental suffering; intense anguish.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

assertingadjectiveUS /əˈsɜːrtɪŋ/

relating to the use of or having the nature of a declaration

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

audacitynounUS /ɑːˈdæs.ə.t̬i/

A willingness to take bold risks; insolent and daring boldness that defies all authority.

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

barrelsnounUS /ˈbærəlz/

the amount that many barrels might hold

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

Biassou

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

Bouchmaun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

carpenternounUS /ˈkɑːrpəntər/

a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

cigarsnounUS /sɪˈɡɑːrz/

plural of “cigar” — a roll of tobacco for smoking

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

CitizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

confoundedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaʊndɪd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

contrastedverbUS /kənˈtræstəd/

past form of “contrast” — put in opposition to show or emphasize differences

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

courageousadjectiveUS /kərˈeɪdʒəs/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

discussionnounUS /dɪˈskʌʃən/

an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

fox-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

frightfuladjectiveUS /ˈfraɪtfəl/

provoking horror

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

HavananounUS /həˈvænə/

the capital and largest city of Cuba; located in western Cuba; one of the oldest cities in the Americas

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

Lebattre's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

limbnounUS /lɪm/

one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

manufacturingnounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

MOREadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

plundernounUS /ˈplʌn.dər/

Goods or treasure taken by force or theft, especially in war or banditry.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

prologuenounUS /ˈproʊlɑːɡ/

an introduction to a play

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

prolongingverbUS /proʊˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “prolong” — lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

quivered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

Rigaud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

snuffnounUS /snʌf/

the charred portion of a candlewick

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

stammered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

storesnounUS /stɔːrz/

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

terrifiedadjectiveUS /ˈterəfaɪd/

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

timidadjectiveUS /ˈtɪmɪd/

showing fear and lack of confidence

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

tobacconounUS /təˈbækoʊ/

leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

Tortue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading This sudden address utterly confounded the timid citizen, and he stammered out.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading Biassou looked at them one after the other with his fox-like glance, and, as if he took a pleasure in prolonging their agony, began a discussion with Rigaud upon the different kinds of tobacco, asserting that that of Havana was only good for manufacturing cigars, whilst for snuff he knew nothing better than the Spanish tobacco, two barrels of which Bouchmaun had sent him, being a portion of the plunder of M. Lebattre’s stores in the island of Tortue.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Their timid and terrified appearance contrasted with the courageous audacity of the carpenter; every limb quivered with affright.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading MORE dead than alive, the other two prisoners had witnessed this frightful prologue to their own chance.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Then, turning sharply upon the Citizen General C——, he asked him— “What do you think?”

Chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death by Victor Hugo holds 218 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death contain?

Chapter 31 holds 218 sentences of Under Sentence of Death, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 218 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Under Sentence of Death?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under Sentence of Death

Common questions about reading Under Sentence of Death by Victor Hugo on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under Sentence of Death?

Yes. All 4014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50010 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under Sentence of Death is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50010, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under Sentence of Death take to read?

About 334 minutes of reading across 803 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Under Sentence of Death section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under Sentence of Death

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under Sentence of Death, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Sentence of Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sentence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Sentence of Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Death
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Sentence of Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Criminal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Sentence of Death; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.