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Under the Law
Under the Law

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Law is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under the Law
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Made in the U. S. A.
_Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."
--GALATIANS 5:18.
The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.
But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under the Law

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Law is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Made in the U. S. A.
/meɪd ɪn ðə juː es ə/
Line 2
_Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."
Line 3
--GALATIANS 5:18.
Line 4
The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.
/ðə striːts bɪˈtwiːn ˈwɪloʊ roʊdz ənd ðə ˈlɪtəl taʊn ʌv ˈmɔːrəs ɑːn ðə ˈhʌdsən wɜːr stɪl ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd wɪð mɑːrtʃ θɔː/
Line 5
But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.
/bʌt ðə sʌn ʃoʊn ˈwɔːrmli ənd ðer wɑːz ðə wet smel ʌv ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ sprɪŋ ɪn ðə er/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

corrugated adjective US /ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd/

shaped into alternating parallel grooves and ridges

From this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

Hudson noun US /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

Inscribed adjective US /ˌɪnˈskraɪbd/

written (by handwriting, printing, engraving, or carving) on or in a surface

Morris noun US /ˈmɔːrəs/

United States suffragist in Wyoming (1814-1902)

From this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

oncoming adjective US /ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ/

moving toward one

From this reading “But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.”

thaw noun US /θɔː/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

warmly adverb US /ˈwɔːrmli/

in a hearty manner

From this reading “But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.”

Willow noun US /ˈwɪloʊ/

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

little town adjective + noun

In this reading “The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.”

in the air preposition + article + noun counted as “in … air”

on everybody's mind

In this reading “But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --GALATIANS 5:18.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --GALATIANS 5:18.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

corrugatedadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd/

shaped into alternating parallel grooves and ridges

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

Dunstans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

GALATIANSnoun

a New Testament book containing the epistle from Saint Paul to the Galatians

From this reading --GALATIANS 5:18.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

InscribedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈskraɪbd/

written (by handwriting, printing, engraving, or carving) on or in a surface

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

MadeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

Mingas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

MorrisnounUS /ˈmɔːrəs/

United States suffragist in Wyoming (1814-1902)

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

oncomingadjectiveUS /ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ/

moving toward one

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

RoadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

Sards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

smellnounUS /smel/

the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

SpiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

thawnounUS /θɔː/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Made in the U. S. A.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

warmlyadverbUS /ˈwɔːrmli/

in a hearty manner

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading But the sun shone warmly and there was the wet smell of oncoming spring in the air.

WillownounUS /ˈwɪloʊ/

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The streets between Willow Roads and the little town of Morris on the Hudson were still corrugated with March thaw.

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading _Inscribed to the Sards, Mingas and Dunstans of this age_ "But if ye be led of the Spirit ye are not under the law."

Chapter 1 of Under the Law by Edwina Stanton Babcock holds 146 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Under the Law contain?

Chapter 1 holds 146 sentences of Under the Law, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Under the Law by Edwina Stanton Babcock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 146 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Under the Law?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under the Law

Common questions about reading Under the Law by Edwina Stanton Babcock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under the Law?

Yes. All 5348 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48009 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under the Law is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48009, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under the Law take to read?

About 445 minutes of reading across 1070 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under the Law section by section

How to work through Under the Law section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under the Law

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under the Law, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Inscribed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Law; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sards
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Law; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mingas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Law; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dunstans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Law; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.