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Under the Polar Star
Under the Polar Star

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under the Polar Star
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Chip! chip!
All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.
He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.
Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.
The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under the Polar Star

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Chip! chip!
/tʃɪp tʃɪp/
Line 2
All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.
Line 3
He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.
/hiː kɔːld hɪmˈself ə ʃɪp ˈkɑːrpəntər ənd hiː wɑːz wʌn fɔːr noʊ ˈmembər ʌv ðæt kræft ˈevər dɪd ˈfaɪnər wɜːrk ðæn ðæt hiː wɑːz naʊ enˈɡeɪdʒd ɑːn/
Line 4
Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.
/bɪˈfɔːr hɪm əˈpɑːn ðə bentʃ fæst əˈsuːmɪŋ ɑːrˈtɪstɪk prəˈpɔːrʃənz wɑːz wʌt hæd bɪn ə rʌf blɑːk ʌv wʊd wʌt wɑːz naʊ ˈveri ˈnɪrli ə kɑːrvd ˈænəməlz hed/
Line 5
The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.
/ðə oʊld mænz aɪz fɪld wɪð terz ənd hɪz θɪn hænd ˈtrembəld mɔːr ðæn wʌns æz hiː vjuːd ðə fjuː tuːlz æt hɪz kəˈmænd ənd ˈevər ənd ˌæˈnɔːn ɡlænst pæst ðə hæf ˈoʊ.pən dɔːr wɪtʃ led ˈɪntuː ðə ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːmz ʌv ðə ˈhʌmbəl ˈkɑːtədʒ hiː kɔːld hoʊm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

animal's noun US /ˈænəməlz/

possessive form of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

assuming adjective US /əˈsuːmɪŋ/

excessively forward

From this reading “Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.”

carpenter noun US /ˈkɑːrpəntər/

a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading “He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.”

chip noun US /tʃɪp/

a small fragment of something broken off from the whole

From this reading “Chip! chip!”

monotonous adjective US /məˈnɑːtənəs/

tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

From this reading “All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.”

proportions noun US /prəˈpɔːrʃənz/

plural of “proportion” — the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading “Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.”

Solomon proper noun US /ˈsɒl.ə.mən/

A legendary king renowned for his wisdom and fabulous hidden mines.

From this reading “All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.”

viewed verb US /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading “The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

humble cottage adjective + noun

In this reading “The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.”

ship carpenter verb + noun

In this reading “He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.”

open door verb + noun

the policy of granting equal trade opportunities to all countries

In this reading “The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.”

echoed through verb + particle counted as “echo through”

In this reading “All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.”

upon the bench preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … bench”

In this reading “Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.”

with tears preposition + noun

In this reading “The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.”

All day adjective + noun

In this reading “All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

animal'snounUS /ˈænəməlz/

possessive form of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

anonadverbUS /ˌæˈnɔːn/

at another time

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

artisticadjectiveUS /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

relating to or characteristic of art or artists

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

assumingadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmɪŋ/

excessively forward

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

benchnounUS /bentʃ/

a long seat for more than one person

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

Bertram's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

blocknounUS /blɑːk/

a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

carpenternounUS /ˈkɑːrpəntər/

a woodworker who makes or repairs wooden objects

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

carvedadjectiveUS /kɑːrvd/

made for or formed by carving (“carven” is archaic or literary)

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

ChipnounUS /tʃɪp/

a small fragment of something broken off from the whole

From this reading Chip! chip!

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

echoedverbUS /ˈekoʊd/

past form of “echo” — to say again or imitate

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

fineradjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnər/

(comparative of “fine”) greater in quality or excellence

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

glancedverbUS /ɡlænst/

past form of “glance” — throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

monotonousadjectiveUS /məˈnɑːtənəs/

tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

proportionsnounUS /prəˈpɔːrʃənz/

plural of “proportion” — the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

roomsnounUS /ruːmz/

apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

Solomonproper nounUS /ˈsɒl.ə.mən/

A legendary king renowned for his wisdom and fabulous hidden mines.

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

toolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

trembledverbUS /ˈtrembəld/

past form of “tremble” — move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

viewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He called himself a ship carpenter, and he was one, for no member of that craft ever did finer work than that he was now engaged on.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The old man’s eyes filled with tears and his thin hand trembled more than once as he viewed the few tools at his command, and ever and anon glanced past the half open door which led into the living rooms of the humble cottage he called home.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading Before him, upon the bench, fast assuming artistic proportions, was what had been a rough block of wood, what was now very nearly a carved animal’s head.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading All day long that same monotonous sound, chip, chip--chip, chip, had echoed through Solomon Bertram’s work room.

Chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star by Dwight Weldon holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star contain?

Chapter 1 holds 106 sentences of Under the Polar Star, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star by Dwight Weldon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Under the Polar Star?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under the Polar Star

Common questions about reading Under the Polar Star by Dwight Weldon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under the Polar Star?

Yes. All 3168 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63549 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under the Polar Star is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63549, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under the Polar Star take to read?

About 264 minutes of reading across 634 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under the Polar Star section by section

How to work through Under the Polar Star section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Under the Polar Star to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under the Polar Star

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under the Polar Star, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Monotonous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Polar Star; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sound
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Polar Star; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chip--chip
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Polar Star; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Echoed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Polar Star; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.