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Under the Rose
Under the Rose

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Under the Rose is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.
Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.
In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.
The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.
The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under the Rose

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Under the Rose is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.
Line 2
Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.
Line 3
In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.
Line 4
The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.
Line 5
The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amity noun US /ˈæmɪti/

a cordial disposition

From this reading “A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.”

demarcation noun US /ˌdiːmɑːrˈkeɪʃən/

the boundary of a specific area

From this reading “The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.”

friendships noun US /ˈfrendʃɪps/

plural of “friendship” — the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading “A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.”

inception noun US /ˌɪnˈsepʃən/

an event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events

From this reading “A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.”

inebriate verb US /ˌɪˈnebrieɪt/

fill with sublime emotion

From this reading “The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.”

jester noun US /ˈdʒestər/

a professional clown employed to entertain a king or nobleman in the Middle Ages

From this reading “A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.”

matrons noun US /ˈmeɪtrənz/

plural of “matron” — a married woman (usually middle-aged with children) who is staid and dignified

From this reading “The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.”

resorting verb US /rɪˈzɔːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “resort” — have recourse to

From this reading “In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.”

All words in this reading · 124

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

amitynounUS /ˈæmɪti/

a cordial disposition

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

appreciatedadjectiveUS /əˈpriːʃieɪtɪd/

fully understood or grasped

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

arisenverbUS /ərˈɪzən/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

Caillette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

clownnounUS /klaʊn/

a rude or vulgar fool

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

comicalitynoun

the quality of being comical

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

comradeshipnoun

the quality of affording easy familiarity and sociability

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

demarcationnounUS /ˌdiːmɑːrˈkeɪʃən/

the boundary of a specific area

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

duke'snounUS /duːks/

possessive form of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

elegantadjectiveUS /ˈeləɡənt/

refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

EMPERORnounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

foolnounUS /fuːl/

a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

friendshipsnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪps/

plural of “friendship” — the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

grossnessnoun

the quality of lacking taste and refinement

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

hideverbUS /haɪd/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

inceptionnounUS /ˌɪnˈsepʃən/

an event that is a beginning; a first part or stage of subsequent events

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

inebriateverbUS /ˌɪˈnebrieɪt/

fill with sublime emotion

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

jesternounUS /ˈdʒestər/

a professional clown employed to entertain a king or nobleman in the Middle Ages

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

jestingadjective

characterized by jokes and good humor

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

maidensnounUS /ˈmeɪdənz/

plural of “maiden” — an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

matronsnounUS /ˈmeɪtrənz/

plural of “matron” — a married woman (usually middle-aged with children) who is staid and dignified

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

merry-and-wise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

MESSENGERnounUS /ˈmesəndʒər/

a person who carries a message

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

miennounUS /miːn/

dignified manner or conduct

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

nimbleadjectiveUS /ˈnɪmbəl/

moving quickly and lightly

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

noblemannounUS /ˈnoʊbəlmən/

a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

preferencenounUS /ˈprefərəns/

a strong liking

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

resortingverbUS /rɪˈzɔːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “resort” — have recourse to

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

rhymenounUS /raɪm/

correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds)

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

selfnounUS /self/

your consciousness of your own identity

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

sentimentnounUS /ˈsentəmənt/

tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

similitudenoun

similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

subtile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

unconsciousadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/

not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

unlikenessnoun

dissimilarity evidenced by an absence of likeness

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A NEW MESSENGER TO THE EMPEROR Between Caillette and the duke's jester had arisen one of those friendships which spring more from similitude than unlikeness; an amity of which each had been unconscious in its inception, but which had gradually grown into a sentiment of comradeship.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Caillette was of noble mien, graceful manner and elegant address; a soldier by preference; a jester against his will, forced to the office by the nobleman who had cared for and educated him.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading The line of demarcation between the clown and the merry-and-wise wit was, in those days, not clearly drawn.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading In the duke's fool he had found his other self; a man who like himself lent dignity to the gentle art of jesting; who could turn a rhyme and raise a laugh without resorting to grossness.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The stories of the former, which made the matrons look down and the maidens to hide their faces, were often more appreciated by the inebriate nobles than some subtile comicality or nimble lines of poetry, that would serve to take home and think over, and which improved with time like a wine of sound body.

Chapter 12 of Under the Rose by Frederic Stewart Isham holds 199 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Under the Rose contain?

Chapter 12 holds 199 sentences of Under the Rose, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Under the Rose by Frederic Stewart Isham exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 199 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Under the Rose?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under the Rose

Common questions about reading Under the Rose by Frederic Stewart Isham on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under the Rose?

Yes. All 5194 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23675 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under the Rose is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23675, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under the Rose take to read?

About 432 minutes of reading across 1039 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under the Rose section by section

How to work through Under the Rose section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Under the Rose to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under the Rose

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under the Rose, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Illustrations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Howard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chandler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.