Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Under the Star-Spangled Banner
Under the Star-Spangled Banner

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under the Star-Spangled Banner
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.
AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.
The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.
The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.
The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under the Star-Spangled Banner

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.
Line 2
AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.
Line 3
The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.
/ðə ˈsɪti ʌv ˈbɜːrmɪŋhæm wɑːz ræpt ɪn ə ˈmæntəl ʌv fɑːɡ soʊ dens ðæt ðə ɪnˈhæbətənts faʊnd ɪt ˈdɪfəkəlt tuː muːv əˈbaʊt/
Line 4
The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.
Line 5
The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.
/ðə klɑːk ɪn ðə tʃɜːrtʃ ˈtaʊər hæd dʒʌst strʌk tuː ənd jet ðə striːt læmps wɜːr əˈbleɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ablaze adjective US /əˈbleɪz/

keenly excited (especially sexually) or indicating excitement

From this reading “The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.”

bayonet noun US /ˈbeɪənet/

a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

From this reading “AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.”

Birmingham noun US /ˈbɜːrmɪŋhæm/

the largest city in Alabama; located in northeastern Alabama

From this reading “The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.”

dense adjective US /dens/

permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter

From this reading “The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.”

dragon noun US /ˈdræɡən/

a creature of Teutonic mythology; usually represented as breathing fire and having a reptilian body and sometimes wings

From this reading “AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.”

glimmering noun US /ˈɡlɪmərɪŋ/

a slight suggestion or vague understanding

From this reading “The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.”

lamps noun US /læmps/

plural of “lamp” — an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading “The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.”

mantle noun US /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading “The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

church tower noun + noun

the tower of a church

In this reading “The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.”

street lamps noun + noun counted as “street lamp”

a lamp supported on a lamppost; for illuminating a street

In this reading “The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.”

move about verb + particle

In this reading “The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

ablazeadjectiveUS /əˈbleɪz/

keenly excited (especially sexually) or indicating excitement

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

BAYONETnounUS /ˈbeɪənet/

a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

BirminghamnounUS /ˈbɜːrmɪŋhæm/

the largest city in Alabama; located in northeastern Alabama

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

BRERETON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

CAPTAINnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

clocknounUS /klɑːk/

a timepiece that shows the time of day

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

denseadjectiveUS /dens/

permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

DRAGONnounUS /ˈdræɡən/

a creature of Teutonic mythology; usually represented as breathing fire and having a reptilian body and sometimes wings

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

existedverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪstəd/

past form of “exist” — have an existence, be extant

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

FnounUS /ef/

a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

faintlyadverbUS /ˈfeɪntli/

to a faint degree or weakly perceived

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

fognounUS /fɑːɡ/

droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

GALLANTadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

glimmeringnounUS /ˈɡlɪmərɪŋ/

a slight suggestion or vague understanding

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

GRENADIERnoun

an infantryman equipped with grenades

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

lampsnounUS /læmps/

plural of “lamp” — an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

moveverbUS /muːv/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

PEKIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

RIFLEverbUS /ˈraɪfəl/

steal goods; take as spoils

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

soot-laden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

Spanish-American

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

TalenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The thick, soot-laden atmosphere covered everything, and only a few faintly glimmering lights showed that they really existed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading _A Tale of the Spanish-American War_ BY CAPTAIN F. S. BRERETON, R.A.M.C.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading AUTHOR OF "WITH RIFLE AND BAYONET," "THE DRAGON OF PEKIN," "A GALLANT GRENADIER," ETC., ETC.

wrappedadjectiveUS /ræpt/

covered with or as if with clothes or a wrap or cloak

From this reading The city of Birmingham was wrapped in a mantle of fog so dense that the inhabitants found it difficult to move about.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The clock in the church tower had just struck two, and yet the street lamps were ablaze.

Chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner contain?

Chapter 1 holds 175 sentences of Under the Star-Spangled Banner, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Under the Star-Spangled Banner?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under the Star-Spangled Banner

Common questions about reading Under the Star-Spangled Banner by F. S. (Frederick Sadleir) Brereton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under the Star-Spangled Banner?

Yes. All 5668 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41425 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under the Star-Spangled Banner is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41425, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under the Star-Spangled Banner take to read?

About 472 minutes of reading across 1134 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under the Star-Spangled Banner section by section

How to work through Under the Star-Spangled Banner section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Under the Star-Spangled Banner to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under the Star-Spangled Banner

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under the Star-Spangled Banner, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spanish-american
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Star-Spangled Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Captain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Star-Spangled Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brereton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Star-Spangled Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the Star-Spangled Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.