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Under the White Ensign
Under the White Ensign

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Under the White Ensign
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"
With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.
Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.
The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.
Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under the White Ensign

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"
Line 2
With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.
Line 3
Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.
/kənˈtræstəd wɪð ðə ˈbraɪtnəs ʌv hɪz ˈkʌmfərtəbəl ˈkæbən ðə ˈblæknəs ʌv ðə naɪt siːmd ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl/
Line 4
The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.
/ðə hɔːrnd muːn ɔːlˈredi wel daʊn ɪn ðə ˈwestərn skaɪ wɑːz ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈhɪdən baɪ ə ˈræpədli ˈdrɪftɪŋ pætʃ ʌv ˈmɑːtəld klaʊdz ʌv səˈfɪʃənt ˈdensəti tuː əbsˈkjʊr ɪts peɪl reɪz/
Line 5
Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

density noun US /ˈdensəti/

the amount per unit size

From this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

horned adjective US /hɔːrnd/

having a horn or horns or hornlike parts or horns of a particular kind

From this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

mottled adjective US /ˈmɑːtəld/

having spots or patches of color

From this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

rollers noun US /ˈroʊlərz/

plural of “roller” — a grounder that rolls along the infield

From this reading “Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.”

Slapping verb US /ˈslæpɪŋ/

inflected form of “slap” — hit with something flat, like a paddle or the open hand

From this reading “Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.”

surging adjective US /ˈsɜːrdʒɪŋ/

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading “Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.”

viciously adverb US /ˈvɪʃəsli/

in a vicious manner

From this reading “Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.”

Webb noun US /web/

English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)

From this reading “With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

western sky adjective + noun

In this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

starboard side noun + noun

In this reading “Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.”

pale rays adjective + noun counted as “pale ray”

In this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

almost hidden adverb + adjective

In this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

clouds of verb + particle counted as “cloud of”

In this reading “The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

Biscay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

blacknessnounUS /ˈblæknəs/

the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

bridge-ladder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

brightnessnounUS /ˈbraɪtnəs/

the location of a visual perception along a continuum from black to white

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

ContrastedverbUS /kənˈtræstəd/

past form of “contrast” — put in opposition to show or emphasize differences

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

densitynounUS /ˈdensəti/

the amount per unit size

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

driftingnounUS /ˈdrɪftɪŋ/

aimless wandering from place to place

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

hornedadjectiveUS /hɔːrnd/

having a horn or horns or hornlike parts or horns of a particular kind

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

impenetrableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl/

not admitting of penetration or passage into or through

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

Laddie's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

merchant-cruiser

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

mottledadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːtəld/

having spots or patches of color

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

obscureverbUS /əbsˈkjʊr/

make less visible or unclear

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

patchnounUS /pætʃ/

a small contrasting part of something

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

Portchester

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

rollersnounUS /ˈroʊlərz/

plural of “roller” — a grounder that rolls along the infield

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

rottenadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːtən/

very bad

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Contrasted with the brightness of his comfortable cabin the blackness of the night seemed impenetrable.

ship'snounUS /ʃɪps/

possessive form of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

SlappingverbUS /ˈslæpɪŋ/

inflected form of “slap” — hit with something flat, like a paddle or the open hand

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

starboardnounUS /ˈstɑːrbərd/

the right side of a ship or aircraft to someone who is aboard and facing the bow or nose

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

Sub-lieutenant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

surgingadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrdʒɪŋ/

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

viciouslyadverbUS /ˈvɪʃəsli/

in a vicious manner

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

WarningnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/

a message informing of danger

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

WebbnounUS /web/

English writer and a central member of the Fabian Society (1858-1943)

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

well-expressed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Slapping viciously against the ship's starboard side were the surging rollers of the Bay of Biscay.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading The horned moon, already well down in the western sky, was almost hidden by a rapidly drifting patch of mottled clouds of sufficient density to obscure its pale rays.

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Laddie's Warning "WHAT a rotten night!"

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With this well-expressed remark Sub-lieutenant Webb gained the head of the bridge-ladder of H.M. armed merchant-cruiser _Portchester Castle_.

Chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman holds 89 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign contain?

Chapter 1 holds 89 sentences of Under the White Ensign, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 89 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Under the White Ensign?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under the White Ensign

Common questions about reading Under the White Ensign by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under the White Ensign?

Yes. All 3339 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52141 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under the White Ensign is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52141, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under the White Ensign take to read?

About 278 minutes of reading across 668 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Under the White Ensign section by section

How to work through Under the White Ensign section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Under the White Ensign

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under the White Ensign, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Laddie's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the White Ensign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Warning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the White Ensign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rotten
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the White Ensign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under the White Ensign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.