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Under Western Eyes
Under Western Eyes

Chapter XIII

Cover illustration for Under Western Eyes
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.
I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.
It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.
That was impossible.
Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under Western Eyes

Chapter XIII

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.
Line 2
I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.
Line 3
It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.
Line 4
That was impossible.
Line 5
Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

Because conjunction US /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.”

Confidence noun US /ˈconfidence/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.”

Done noun US /done/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

Look noun US /look/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.”

Mechanically noun US /ˈmechanically/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.”

Mind noun US /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

Poor noun US /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

Saved noun US /saved/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

Sudden noun US /sudden/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

absorbed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

compelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

confidencenounUS /ˈconfidence/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

country's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

crushed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

despaired

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

distracted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

donenounUS /done/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

doubt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

future

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

Haldin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

handed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

hat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

impossible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That was impossible.

intolerable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

looknounUS /look/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mechanically

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

merit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mindnounUS /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

Miss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mistrust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mother

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

perished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

poornounUS /poor/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

possessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

possible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

savednounUS /saved/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

simple

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

sister

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

sombre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

son

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

spirit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

suddennounUS /sudden/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

understood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

want

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

woman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.