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Under Western Eyes
Under Western Eyes

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.
I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.
It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.
That was impossible.
Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Under Western Eyes

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.
Line 2
I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.
Line 3
It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.
/ɪt kʊd nɑːt hæv bɪn ðæt hiː dɪˈsperd ʌv hɪz ˈkʌntriz ˈfjuːtʃər/
Line 4
That was impossible.
/ðæt wɑːz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/
Line 5
Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

country's noun US /ˈkʌntriz/

possessive form of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

crushed adjective US /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

despaired verb US /dɪˈsperd/

past form of “despair” — abandon hope; give up hope; lose heart

From this reading “It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.”

distracted adjective US /dɪˈstræktəd/

having the attention diverted especially because of anxiety

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

intolerable adjective US /ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

incapable of being tolerated or endured

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

mechanically adverb US /məˈkænɪkli/

in a mechanical manner; by a mechanism

From this reading “Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.”

mistrust verb US /mɪˈstrʌst/

regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in

From this reading “Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.”

perished verb US /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading “I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

absorbedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɔːrbd/

giving or marked by complete attention to

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

country'snounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

possessive form of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

despairedverbUS /dɪˈsperd/

past form of “despair” — abandon hope; give up hope; lose heart

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

distractedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstræktəd/

having the attention diverted especially because of anxiety

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

Haldin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

handedadjectiveUS /ˈhændəd/

having or involving the use of hands

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading That was impossible.

intolerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɑːlərəbəl/

incapable of being tolerated or endured

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mechanicallyadverbUS /məˈkænɪkli/

in a mechanical manner; by a mechanism

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

meritnounUS /ˈmerət/

any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

mistrustverbUS /mɪˈstrʌst/

regard as untrustworthy; regard with suspicion; have no faith or confidence in

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It could not have been that he despaired of his country’s future.

perishedverbUS /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

savedadjectiveUS /seɪvd/

rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

sombreadjective

lacking brightness or color; dull

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Was it possible that his mother and sister had not known how to merit his confidence; and that, after having done what he was compelled to do, his spirit became crushed by an intolerable doubt, his mind distracted by a sudden mistrust.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Miss Haldin mechanically, with an absorbed look, handed me my hat.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading I understood from her that the poor woman was possessed by the sombre and simple idea that her son must have perished because he did not want to be saved.

Chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes by Joseph Conrad holds 212 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes contain?

Chapter 13 holds 212 sentences of Under Western Eyes, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes by Joseph Conrad exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 212 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Under Western Eyes?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Under Western Eyes

Common questions about reading Under Western Eyes by Joseph Conrad on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Under Western Eyes?

Yes. All 8310 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2480 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Under Western Eyes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2480, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Under Western Eyes take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1662 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Under Western Eyes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Under Western Eyes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Under Western Eyes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Liberty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Western Eyes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hungry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Western Eyes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Snatch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Western Eyes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Piece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Under Western Eyes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.