Chapter V · Chapter 5

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

later than; following

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

an agency of the United States Army responsible for providing timely and relevant and accurate and synchronized intelligence to tactical and operational and strategic level commanders

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used of a single unit or thing; not two or more

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a Scottish word

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

earlier than; in front of

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

a gambler who accepts and pays off bets (especially on horse races)

From this reading “_What tongue does your auld bookie speak_?”

a framework that supports climbing plants

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a speech sound that is not a vowel

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

plural of “dodge” — an elaborate or deceitful scheme contrived to deceive or evade

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “_What tongue does your auld bookie speak_?”

twice as great or many

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

fecal matter of animals

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the Babylonian god of wisdom; son of Apsu and father of Marduk; counterpart of the Sumerian Enki; as one of the supreme triad including Anu and Bel he was assigned control of the watery element

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the branch of engineering science that studies the uses of electricity and the equipment for power generation and distribution and the control of machines and communication

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

one or the other of two

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

plural of “exception” — a deliberate act of omission

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

someone employed to conduct others

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

only a very short time before

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

common Old World heath represented by many varieties; low evergreen grown widely in the northern hemisphere

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a commercial browser

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a bank check that has been fraudulently altered to increase its face value

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

British artist and writer of nonsense verse (1812-1888)

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a person who makes things

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

being nothing more than specified

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

to a great degree or extent

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

To move from a closed position.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

full of difficulty or confusion or bewilderment

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

capable of happening or existing

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a term formerly used to refer to the simple past tense

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds)

From this reading Find the blind, I may remark, are pronounced to rhyme with the preterite of grin.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

express in words

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

plural of “sound” — the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

express in speech

From this reading “_What tongue does your auld bookie speak_?”

not in physical motion

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

possessive form of “time” — an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading “_What tongue does your auld bookie speak_?”

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

under normal conditions

From this reading But in Scots it dodges usually from the short I, as in grin, to the open E, as in mere.

a speech sound made with the vocal tract open

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

English writer (1925-1994)

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

gradually deprive (infants and young mammals) of mother's milk

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

used to ask for information about something

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

at the time that

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

in the company of; together with

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

a late time of life

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading I—THE MAKER TO POSTERITY FAR ’yont amang the years to be When a’ we think, an’ a’ we see, An’ a’ we luve, ’s been dung ajee By time’s rouch shouther, An’ what was richt and wrang for me Lies mangled throu’ther, It’s possible—it’s hardly mair— That some ane, ripin’ after lear— Some auld professor or young heir, If still there’s either— May find an’ read me, an’ be sair Perplexed, puir brither!

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “_What tongue does your auld bookie speak_?”

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TABLE OF COMMON SCOTTISH VOWEL SOUNDS ae, ai open A as in rare. a’, au, aw AW as in law. ea open E as in mere, but this with exceptions, as heather = heather, wean = wain, lear = lair. ee, ei, ie open E as in mere. oa open O as in more. ou doubled O as in poor. ow OW as in bower. u doubled O as in poor. ui or ü before R (say roughly) open A as in rare. ui or ü before any other (say roughly) close I as in grin. consonant y open I as in kite. i pretty nearly what you please, much as in English, Heaven guide the reader through that labyrinth!