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Unexplored Spain
Unexplored Spain

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.
Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.
The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.
The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.
The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unexplored Spain

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.
Line 2
Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.
Line 3
The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.
Line 4
The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.
/ðə rɪˈzʌlt ɪn ɪˈfekt əˈʃʊrz ðæt æn ˈænəməl æz fɪrs ənd ˈfɔːrmədəbəl æz ðə ˈwaɪldɪst ˈæfrəkən ˈbʌfəloʊ ʃæl ˈfaɪnəli feɪs ðə ˈmætədɔːr/
Line 5
The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

competitive adjective US /kəmˈpetətɪv/

involving competition or competitiveness

From this reading “The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.”

derives verb US /dərˈaɪvz/

third-person singular of “derive” — reason by deduction; establish by deduction

From this reading “THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.”

evince verb US /ɪˈvɪns/

give expression to

From this reading “THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.”

fittest adjective US /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading “The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.”

goring noun US /ˈɡɔːrɪŋ/

German politician in Nazi Germany who founded the Gestapo and mobilized Germany for war (1893-1946)

From this reading “THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.”

matador noun US /ˈmætədɔːr/

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

From this reading “The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.”

stamina noun US /ˈstæmənə/

enduring strength and energy

From this reading “The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.”

winners noun US /ˈwɪnərz/

plural of “winner” — the contestant who wins the contest

From this reading “The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at home preposition + noun

a reception held in your own home

In this reading “THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.”

ring through verb + particle

In this reading “THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.”

experience of verb + particle

In this reading “The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

admissionnounUS /ædˈmɪʃən/

the act of admitting someone to enter

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

AfricanadjectiveUS /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

analogynounUS /əˈnælədʒi/

an inference that if things agree in some respects they probably agree in others

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

assuresverbUS /əˈʃʊrz/

third-person singular of “assure” — make certain of

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

bredverbUS /bred/

inflected form of “breed” — call forth

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

BREEDINGnounUS /ˈbriːdɪŋ/

elegance by virtue of fineness of manner and expression

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

buffalonounUS /ˈbʌfəloʊ/

large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

bullnounUS /bʊl/

uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

bullsnounUS /bʊlz/

plural of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

competitiveadjectiveUS /kəmˈpetətɪv/

involving competition or competitiveness

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

cowsnounUS /kaʊz/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

DerbynounUS /ˈdɜːrbi/

a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

derivesverbUS /dərˈaɪvz/

third-person singular of “derive” — reason by deduction; establish by deduction

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

evinceverbUS /ɪˈvɪns/

give expression to

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

existsverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪsts/

third-person singular of “exist” — have an existence, be extant

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

FIGHTING-BULL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

fittestadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəst/

superlative of “fit” — meeting adequate standards for a purpose

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

formidableadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmədəbəl/

extremely impressive in strength or excellence

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

goringnounUS /ˈɡɔːrɪŋ/

German politician in Nazi Germany who founded the Gestapo and mobilized Germany for war (1893-1946)

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

haplessadjectiveUS /ˈhæpləs/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

herd-register

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

herdsmannoun

someone who drives a herd

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

industrynounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

keenadjectiveUS /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

keenlyadverbUS /ˈkiːnli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

latentadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtənt/

potentially existing but not presently evident or realized

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

matadornounUS /ˈmætədɔːr/

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

moreoveradverbUS /mɔːˈroʊvər/

in addition to what has just been said

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

normaladjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrməl/

conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

occasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

PlazanounUS /ˈplɑːzə/

a public square with room for pedestrians

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

pluckverbUS /plʌk/

pull or pull out sharply

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

prize-cattle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

regardsnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdz/

plural of “regard” — (usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

ruraladjectiveUS /ˈrʊrəl/

living in or characteristic of farming or country life

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

seesnounUS /siːz/

plural of “see” — the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

selectionnounUS /səˈlekʃən/

the act of choosing or selecting

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

SPANISHnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

staminanounUS /ˈstæmənə/

enduring strength and energy

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

stolidadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːləd/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

studverbUS /stʌd/

scatter or intersperse like dots or studs

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

testedadjectiveUS /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Spanish fighting-bull is bred to fight, and the keen experience of centuries is brought to bear on the selection of the fittest--that, moreover, not only as regards the bulls, for the cows also are tested both for pluck and stamina before admission to the herd-register.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

Toro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between such and the Spanish _Toro de Plaza_ there exists no sort of analogy.

TRAININGnounUS /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/

activity leading to skilled behavior

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The result, in effect, assures that an animal as fierce and formidable as the wildest African buffalo shall finally face the matador.

winnersnounUS /ˈwɪnərz/

plural of “winner” — the contestant who wins the contest

From this reading The breeding of the fighting-bull forms in Spain a rural industry as deeply studied and as keenly competitive as that of prize-cattle or Derby winners in England.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE SPANISH FIGHTING-BULL HIS BREEDING AND TRAINING The normal British idea of a bull naturally derives colour from those stolid animals one sees at home, some with a ring through the nose, and which are only kept for stud purposes, but occasionally evince a latent ferocity by goring to death some hapless herdsman.

Chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain contain?

Chapter 20 holds 115 sentences of Unexplored Spain, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Unexplored Spain?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unexplored Spain

Common questions about reading Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Unexplored Spain?

Yes. All 5753 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41593 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unexplored Spain is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41593, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unexplored Spain take to read?

About 479 minutes of reading across 1151 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Unexplored Spain section by section

How to work through Unexplored Spain section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Unexplored Spain to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Unexplored Spain

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unexplored Spain, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norway
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wildfowling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Safari
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.