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Unexplored Spain
Unexplored Spain

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?
For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.
At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.
Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.
Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unexplored Spain

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?
Line 2
For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.
Line 3
At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.
Line 4
Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.
Line 5
Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aromatic adjective US /ˌerəˈmætɪk/

(chemistry) of or relating to or containing one or more benzene rings

From this reading “At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.”

foothills noun US /ˈfʊthɪlz/

plural of “foothill” — a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain

From this reading “At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.”

monotone noun US /ˈmɑːnətoʊn/

an unchanging intonation

From this reading “Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.”

petal noun US /ˈpetəl/

part of the perianth that is usually brightly colored

From this reading “Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.”

Sierra noun US /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading “At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.”

stunted adjective US /ˈstʌntɪd/

inferior in size or quality

From this reading “At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.”

waxy adjective US /ˈwæksi/

made of or covered with wax

From this reading “Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.”

woodcutter noun US /ˈwʊdˌkʌt.ər/

A person whose work is chopping down trees and gathering firewood.

From this reading “Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stunted trees adjective + noun counted as “stunted tree”

In this reading “At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.”

black velvet adjective + noun

In this reading “Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.”

gleam white verb + noun

In this reading “Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

ABANDONEDadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

amidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

apartadverbUS /əˈpɑːrt/

separated or at a distance in place or position or time

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

aromaticadjectiveUS /ˌerəˈmætɪk/

(chemistry) of or relating to or containing one or more benzene rings

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

beauty-spot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

bloomnounUS /bluːm/

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

brushwoodnoun

the wood from bushes or small branches

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

Canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

cantuéso

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

cistusnoun

small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and North Africa

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

cladadjectiveUS /klæd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

cotnounUS /kɑːt/

a sheath worn to protect a finger

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

crowdedadjectiveUS /ˈkraʊdəd/

overfilled or compacted or concentrated

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

effectiveadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪv/

producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

empurpledadjective

excessively elaborate or showily expressed

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

ESTREMADURA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

Estremenian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

euonymusnoun

widely distributed chiefly evergreen shrubs or small trees or vines

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

everlastingadjectiveUS /ˌevərˈlæstɪŋ/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

flowernounUS /ˈflaʊər/

a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

foothillsnounUS /ˈfʊthɪlz/

plural of “foothill” — a relatively low hill on the lower slope of a mountain

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

fullestadjectiveUS /ˈfʊləst/

superlative of “full” — containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

goat-herd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

gum-cistus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

heathernounUS /ˈheðər/

common Old World heath represented by many varieties; low evergreen grown widely in the northern hemisphere

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

intervalsnounUS /ˈɪntərvəlz/

plural of “interval” — a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

leaguenounUS /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

monotonenounUS /ˈmɑːnətoʊn/

an unchanging intonation

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

Moréna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

orangenounUS /ˈɔːrəndʒ/

round yellow to orange fruit of any of several citrus trees

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

petalnounUS /ˈpetəl/

part of the perianth that is usually brightly colored

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

PROVINCEnounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

rose-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

scarceadverbUS /skers/

only a very short time before

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

scorenounUS /skɔːr/

a number or letter indicating quality (especially of a student's performance)

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

SierranounUS /siˈerə/

a range of mountains (usually with jagged peaks and irregular outline)

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

slopesnounUS /sloʊps/

plural of “slope” — an elevated geological formation

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

splashverbUS /splæʃ/

cause (a liquid) to spatter about, especially with force

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

stuntedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌntɪd/

inferior in size or quality

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading AN ABANDONED PROVINCE (ESTREMADURA) Can this really be Europe--crowded Europe?

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

tinyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪni/

very small

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

traversedverbUS /ˈtrævərst/

past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

undulations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

waxyadjectiveUS /ˈwæksi/

made of or covered with wax

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

wild-thyme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there wild-thyme (_cantuéso_) empurpled the slopes as it were August heather, but the chief beauty-spot was the rose-like flower of the cistus, now (May) in fullest bloom--waxy white, with orange centre and a splash like black velvet on each petal.

wildsnounUS /waɪldz/

plural of “wild” — a wild primitive state untouched by civilization

From this reading For four long days we have traversed Estremenian wilds, and during that time have scarce met a score of folk, nor seen serious evidence of effective human occupation.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At first our northward way led through rolling undulations, the western foothills of the long Sierra Moréna, clad with the everlasting gum-cistus, with euonymus, a few stunted trees, and the usual aromatic brushwood of the south.

woodcutternounUS /ˈwʊdˌkʌt.ər/

A person whose work is chopping down trees and gathering firewood.

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Only at long intervals--say a league or two apart--would some tiny cot, of woodcutter perhaps, or goat-herd, gleam white amidst the rolling green monotone.

Chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain contain?

Chapter 22 holds 104 sentences of Unexplored Spain, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Unexplored Spain?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unexplored Spain

Common questions about reading Unexplored Spain by Abel Chapman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Unexplored Spain?

Yes. All 5753 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41593 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unexplored Spain is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41593, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unexplored Spain take to read?

About 479 minutes of reading across 1151 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Unexplored Spain section by section

How to work through Unexplored Spain section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Unexplored Spain to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Unexplored Spain

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unexplored Spain, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norway
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wildfowling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Safari
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unexplored Spain; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.