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Unknown Mexico — Volume 1
Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is here in full — 209 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Unknown Mexico — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.
Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.
The shaman is his priest and physician.
He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.
By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is here in full — 209 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.
Line 2
Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.
Line 3
The shaman is his priest and physician.
/ðə ˈʃeɪmən ɪz hɪz priːst ənd fəˈzɪʃən/
Line 4
He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.
Line 5
By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

conducts noun US /kənˈdʌkts/

plural of “conduct” — manner of acting or controlling yourself

From this reading “He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.”

Healers noun US /ˈhiːlərz/

plural of “healer” — a person skilled in a particular type of therapy

From this reading “The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.”

instructing verb US /ˌɪnˈstrʌktɪŋ/

-ing form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading “By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.”

maintains verb US /meɪnˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “maintain” — cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading “By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.”

performs verb US /pərˈfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading “He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.”

shaman noun US /ˈʃeɪmən/

in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination

From this reading “Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.”

Shamans noun US /ˈʃeɪmənz/

plural of “shaman” — in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination

From this reading “The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.”

Sorcery noun US /ˈsɔːrsəri/

the belief in magical spells that harness occult forces or evil spirits to produce unnatural effects in the world

From this reading “The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

AncientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

avertedverbUS /əˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “avert” — prevent the occurrence of; prevent from happening

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

benefitsnounUS /ˈbenəfɪts/

plural of “benefit” — financial assistance in time of need

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

CausedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

ceremoniesnounUS /ˈserəmoʊniz/

plural of “ceremony” — a formal event performed on a special occasion

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

conductsnounUS /kənˈdʌkts/

plural of “conduct” — manner of acting or controlling yourself

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

CureverbUS /kjʊr/

provide a cure for, make healthy again

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

CuredadjectiveUS /kjʊrd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

dancesnounUS /ˈdænsəz/

plural of “dance” — an artistic form of nonverbal communication

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

deitiesnounUS /ˈdiːətiz/

plural of “deity” — any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

DiseasenounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

DoctornounUS /ˈdɑːktər/

a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

EverybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

EverythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

EvilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

feastsnounUS /fiːsts/

plural of “feast” — a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

FeelsnounUS /fiːlz/

plural of “feel” — an intuitive awareness

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

godsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

GoodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

HealersnounUS /ˈhiːlərz/

plural of “healer” — a person skilled in a particular type of therapy

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

ill-will

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

instructingverbUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktɪŋ/

-ing form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The shaman is his priest and physician.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

jealousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒeləs/

showing extreme cupidity; painfully desirous of another's advantages

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

LooksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

maintainsverbUS /meɪnˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “maintain” — cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

NobodypronounUS /ˈnoʊbɑːdiː/

no person; not anyone

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

performsverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

physiciannounUS /fəˈzɪʃən/

a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading The shaman is his priest and physician.

PowersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

prayingverbUS /ˈpreɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “pray” — address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading The shaman is his priest and physician.

PriestsnounUS /priːsts/

plural of “priest” — a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

propitiated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

RemarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

sacrificingverbUS /ˈsækrəfaɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “sacrifice” — endure the loss of

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

shamannounUS /ˈʃeɪmən/

in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

ShamansnounUS /ˈʃeɪmənz/

plural of “shaman” — in societies practicing shamanism: one acting as a medium between the visible and spirit worlds; practices sorcery for healing or divination

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

Snake-bite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

SorcerynounUS /ˈsɔːrsəri/

the belief in magical spells that harness occult forces or evil spirits to produce unnatural effects in the world

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

Tarahumare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

Tarahumares

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

ThoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

Trepanning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

TribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He performs all the ceremonies and conducts all the dances and feasts by which the gods are propitiated and evil is averted, doing all the singing, praying, and sacrificing.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

WiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading By this means, and by instructing the people what to do to make it rain and secure other benefits, he maintains good terms for them with their deities, who are jealous of man and bear him ill-will.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The Shamans or Wise Men of the Tribe--Healers and Priests in One--Disease Caused by Looks and Thoughts--Everybody and Everything has to be Cured--Nobody Feels Well without His "Doctor"--Sorcery--The Powers of Evil are as Great as those of Good--Remarkable Cure for Snake-bite--Trepanning Among the Ancient Tarahumares.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Without his shaman the Tarahumare would feel lost, both in this life and after death.

Chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 by Carl Lumholtz holds 209 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 209 sentences of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 by Carl Lumholtz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 209 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Common questions about reading Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 by Carl Lumholtz on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1?

Yes. All 5571 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16426 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16426, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 take to read?

About 464 minutes of reading across 1115 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unknown Mexico — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preparations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Start--our
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Goods
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Relished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.