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Unknown Mexico — Volume 1
Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Unknown Mexico — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.
On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.
I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.
Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.
It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.
Line 2
On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.
Line 3
I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.
Line 4
Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.
Line 5
It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Camera noun US /ˈkæmərə/

equipment for taking photographs (usually consisting of a lightproof box with a lens at one end and light-sensitive film at the other)

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Chihuahua noun US /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Cropping verb US /ˈkrɑːpɪŋ/

inflected form of “crop” — cut short

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Lodges noun US /ˈlɑːdʒəz/

plural of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Mesa noun US /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading “On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.”

Mexicans noun US /ˈmeksɪkənz/

plural of “mexican” — a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Myth noun US /mɪθ/

a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

Pleiades noun US /ˈpliːədiːz/

(Greek mythology) 7 daughters of Atlas and half-sisters of the Hyades; placed among the stars to save them from the pursuit of Orion

From this reading “Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

1895

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

abruptlyadverbUS /əˈbrʌptli/

quickly and without warning

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

ApproachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

ascendedverbUS /əˈsendɪd/

past form of “ascend” — travel up

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

AttributedverbUS /əˈtrɪbjətɪd/

past form of “attribute” — attribute or credit to

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

beliefsnounUS /bɪˈliːfs/

plural of “belief” — any cognitive content held as true

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

Calvo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

CameranounUS /ˈkæmərə/

equipment for taking photographs (usually consisting of a lightproof box with a lens at one end and light-sensitive film at the other)

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Candelaria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

Cerro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

ChihuahuanounUS /tʃəˈwɑːwɑː/

a city in northern Mexico in the state of Chihuahua; commercial center of northern Mexico

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

CroppingverbUS /ˈkrɑːpɪŋ/

inflected form of “crop” — cut short

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Cucuduri

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

DesignsnounUS /dɪˈzaɪnz/

plural of “design” — the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

elevationnounUS /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

excursionnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

Foot-races

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

Guadalupe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

HighestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

InfluencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

LiquornounUS /ˈlɪkər/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

LodgesnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒəz/

plural of “lodge” — English physicist who studied electromagnetic radiation and was a pioneer of radiotelegraphy (1851-1940)

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

long-stretched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

Maizillo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

measuringnounUS /ˈmeʒərɪŋ/

the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

MedicinenounUS /ˈmedəsən/

the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

MesanounUS /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

MexicansnounUS /ˈmeksɪkənz/

plural of “mexican” — a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

MexiconounUS /ˈmeksəkoʊ/

a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

MountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Muinora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

MythnounUS /mɪθ/

a traditional story accepted as history; serves to explain the world view of a people

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

NorthernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

OutadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

pinesnounUS /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

PleiadesnounUS /ˈpliːədiːz/

(Greek mythology) 7 daughters of Atlas and half-sisters of the Hyades; placed among the stars to save them from the pursuit of Orion

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

ProfitableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/

yielding material gain or profit

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Rafael

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I say probably, because I had no opportunity of measuring Cerro de Candelaria.

SinisteradjectiveUS /ˈsɪnɪstər/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

southwardadverbUS /ˈsaʊθwərd/

toward the south

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

Tepehuane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is conspicuous in the songs and beliefs of the Tepehuane Indians.

Tepehuanes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Tepehunaes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

TrafficnounUS /ˈtræfɪk/

the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

TroublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

Versa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

VicenounUS /vaɪs/

moral weakness

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Approached from the north it looked like a long-stretched mountain, covered with pines, and falling off abruptly toward the west.

WoodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Cerro de Muinora, the Highest Mountain in Chihuahua--The Northern Tepehuanes--Troubles Cropping Out of the Camera--Sinister Designs on Mexico Attributed to the Author--Maizillo--Foot-races Among the Tepehuanes--Influence of the Mexicans Upon the Tepehunaes, and _Vice Versa_--Profitable Liquor Traffic--Medicine Lodges--Cucuduri, the Master of the Woods--Myth of the Pleiades.

ynounUS /waɪ/

a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys

From this reading On my return from an excursion southward from Guadalupe y Calvo as far as Mesa de San Rafael, I ascended on January 12, 1895, Cerro de Muinora, probably the highest elevation in northern Mexico.

Chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 by Carl Lumholtz holds 174 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 16 holds 174 sentences of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 by Carl Lumholtz exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 174 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

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Is this the complete text of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1?

Yes. All 5571 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16426 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16426, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 take to read?

About 464 minutes of reading across 1115 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Unknown Mexico — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Unknown Mexico — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unknown Mexico — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preparations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Start--our
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Goods
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Relished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown Mexico — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.