Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Unknown to History
Unknown to History

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Unknown to History is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Unknown to History
Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PEAK CAVERN.
It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.
Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.
James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.
The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unknown to History

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Unknown to History is here in full — 245 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PEAK CAVERN.
/ðə piːk ˈkæv.ərn/
Line 2
It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.
Line 3
Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.
/nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz wɜːr ˈæktʃuːəli ɑːn fʊt wɪð dʒeɪmz vaɪ ənd ɪˈlɪzəbəθ fɔːr hɜːr riˈliːs/
Line 4
James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.
/dʒeɪmz hæd ˈrɪtən tuː hɜːr wɪð hɪz oʊn hænd ənd ʃiː hæd fɔːr ðə fɜːrst taɪm kənˈsentɪd tuː ɡɪv hɪm ðə ˈtaɪtəl ʌv kɪŋ ʌv ˈskɑːtlənd/
Line 5
The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cavern noun US /ˈkæv.ərn/

A large, vast underground cave, often filled with forgotten ancient treasures.

From this reading “THE PEAK CAVERN.”

condescension noun US /ˌkɑːndəˈsenʃən/

the trait of displaying arrogance by patronizing those considered inferior

From this reading “The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!”

hailed verb US /heɪld/

past form of “hail” — praise vociferously

From this reading “It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.”

jointly adverb US /ˈdʒɔɪntli/

in collaboration or cooperation

From this reading “The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!”

liberation noun US /ˌlɪbɜːrˈeɪʃən/

the act of liberating someone or something

From this reading “It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.”

Negotiations noun US /nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “negotiation” — a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading “Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.”

peak noun US /piːk/

the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading “THE PEAK CAVERN.”

reigning adjective US /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading “The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

CAVERNnounUS /ˈkæv.ərn/

A large, vast underground cave, often filled with forgotten ancient treasures.

From this reading THE PEAK CAVERN.

condescensionnounUS /ˌkɑːndəˈsenʃən/

the trait of displaying arrogance by patronizing those considered inferior

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

consentedverbUS /kənˈsentɪd/

past form of “consent” — give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

hailedverbUS /heɪld/

past form of “hail” — praise vociferously

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

jointlyadverbUS /ˈdʒɔɪntli/

in collaboration or cooperation

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

liberationnounUS /ˌlɪbɜːrˈeɪʃən/

the act of liberating someone or something

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

mooted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

NegotiationsnounUS /nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “negotiation” — a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

PEAKnounUS /piːk/

the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading THE PEAK CAVERN.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

projectverbUS /ˈprɑːdʒekt/

communicate vividly

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

reigningadjectiveUS /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

releaseverbUS /riˈliːs/

release, as from one's grip

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

satisfactoryadjectiveUS /ˌsætəˈsfæktri/

giving satisfaction

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PEAK CAVERN.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was quite true that at this period Queen Mary had good hope of liberation in the most satisfactory manner possible--short of being hailed as English Queen.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Negotiations were actually on foot with James VI. and Elizabeth for her release.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The project of her reigning jointly with him had been mooted, and each party was showing how enormous a condescension it would be in his or her eyes!

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading James had written to her with his own hand, and she had for the first time consented to give him the title of King of Scotland.

Chapter 14 of Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 245 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Unknown to History contain?

Chapter 14 holds 245 sentences of Unknown to History, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 245 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Unknown to History?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unknown to History

Common questions about reading Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Unknown to History?

Yes. All 7013 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4596 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unknown to History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4596, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unknown to History take to read?

About 584 minutes of reading across 1403 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Unknown to History section by section

How to work through Unknown to History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Unknown to History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Unknown to History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unknown to History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mistress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Talbot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.