Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Unknown to History
Unknown to History

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of Unknown to History is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Unknown to History
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TEN YEARS AFTER.
It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.
"And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.
"To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.
"His brother's widow?" repeated the Queen.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Unknown to History

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of Unknown to History is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TEN YEARS AFTER.
/ten jɪrz ˈæftər/
Line 2
It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.
Line 3
"And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.
/ənd werˈfɔːr dɪˈmændəd ðə ˈrɔɪəl ˈleɪdi ʌv sɜːr ˈwɔːltər ˈrɔːli ðə ˈkæptən ʌv hɜːr ɡɑːrd huː meɪd ðə rɪˈkwest/
Line 4
"To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.
Line 5
"His brother's widow?" repeated the Queen.
/hɪz ˈbrʌðərz ˈwɪdoʊ rɪˈpiːtɪd ðə kwiːn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cadiz noun US /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

eclipses noun US /ɪˈklɪpsɪz/

plural of “eclipse” — one celestial body obscures another

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

exploits noun US /ˈeksplɔɪts/

plural of “exploit” — a notable achievement

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

fleets noun US /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

license noun US /ˈlaɪsəns/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

lieutenants noun US /luːˈtenənts/

plural of “lieutenant” — a commissioned military officer

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

Raleigh noun US /ˈrɔːli/

English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)

From this reading “"And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.”

Talbot noun US /ˈtælbət/

English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)

From this reading “It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

AFTERprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading TEN YEARS AFTER.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

brother'snounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

possessive form of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

CadiznounUS /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

demandedverbUS /dɪˈmændəd/

past form of “demand” — request urgently and forcefully

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

eclipsesnounUS /ɪˈklɪpsɪz/

plural of “eclipse” — one celestial body obscures another

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

exploitsnounUS /ˈeksplɔɪts/

plural of “exploit” — a notable achievement

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

fleetsnounUS /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

Hague

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

licensenounUS /ˈlaɪsəns/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

lieutenantsnounUS /luːˈtenənts/

plural of “lieutenant” — a commissioned military officer

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

MajestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

Majesty'snounUS /ˈmædʒəstiz/

possessive form of “majesty” — impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

more's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

performingnounUS /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading "His brother's widow?" repeated the Queen.

RaleighnounUS /ˈrɔːli/

English courtier (a favorite of Elizabeth I) who tried to colonize Virginia; introduced potatoes and tobacco to England (1552-1618)

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading "His brother's widow?" repeated the Queen.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

requestedadjectiveUS /rɪˈkwestɪd/

asked for

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

TalbotnounUS /ˈtælbət/

English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

TENnounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading TEN YEARS AFTER.

Tercera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

unitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was ten years later in the reign of Elizabeth, when James VI. was under one of his many eclipses of favour, and when the united English and Dutch fleets had been performing gallant exploits at Cadiz and Tercera, that license for a few weeks' absence was requested for one of the lieutenants in her Majesty's guard, Master Richard Talbot.

whereforeadverbUS /werˈfɔːr/

an old word meaning “why” or “for that reason”

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "And wherefore?" demanded the royal lady of Sir Walter Raleigh, the captain of her guard, who made the request.

widownounUS /ˈwɪdoʊ/

a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

YEARSnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading TEN YEARS AFTER.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "To go to the Hague to look after his brother's widow and estate, so please your Majesty; more's the pity," said Raleigh.

Chapter 40 of Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 101 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of Unknown to History contain?

Chapter 40 holds 101 sentences of Unknown to History, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 101 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of Unknown to History?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Unknown to History

Common questions about reading Unknown to History by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Unknown to History?

Yes. All 7013 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4596 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Unknown to History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4596, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Unknown to History take to read?

About 584 minutes of reading across 1403 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Unknown to History section by section

How to work through Unknown to History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Unknown to History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Unknown to History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Unknown to History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mistress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Talbot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Unknown to History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.