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Utopia
Utopia

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Utopia is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.
They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.
They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.
But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consistswhether in some one thing or in a great many.
They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Utopia

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Utopia is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.
/æz tuː ˈmɔːrəl fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi ðeɪ hæv ðə seɪm dɪsˈpjuːts əˈmʌŋ ðem æz wiː hæv hiːr/
Line 2
They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.
/ðeɪ ɪɡˈzæmɪn wʌt ɑːr ˈprɑːpərli ɡʊd boʊθ fɔːr ðə ˈbɑːdi ənd ðə maɪnd ənd ˈweðər ˈeni ˈaʊtwərd θɪŋ kæn biː kɔːld ˈtruːli ɡʊd ɔːr ɪf ðæt tɜːrm bɪˈlɔːŋ ˈoʊnli tuː ðə enˈdaʊmənts ʌv ðə soʊl/
Line 3
They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.
/ðeɪ ˌɪnˈkwaɪr ˈlaɪkwaɪz ˈɪntuː ðə ˈneɪtʃər ʌv ˈvɝː.tʃuː ənd ˈpleʒər/
Line 4
But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consistswhether in some one thing or in a great many.
Line 5
They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

consists verb US /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading “But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.”

defective adjective US /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading “They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.”

disputes noun US /dɪsˈpjuːts/

plural of “dispute” — a disagreement or argument about something important

From this reading ““As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.”

endowments noun US /enˈdaʊmənts/

plural of “endowment” — natural abilities or qualities

From this reading “They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.”

fetching adjective US /ˈfetʃɪŋ/

very attractive; capturing interest

From this reading “They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.”

indulgent adjective US /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒənt/

characterized by or given to yielding to the wishes of someone

From this reading “They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.”

roughness noun US /ˈrʌfnəs/

a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven

From this reading “They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.”

severity noun US /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading “They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

argumentsnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənts/

plural of “argument” — a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

conjecturaladjective

based primarily on surmise rather than adequate evidence

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

defectiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

disputeverbUS /dɪsˈpjuːt/

take exception to

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

disputesnounUS /dɪsˈpjuːts/

plural of “dispute” — a disagreement or argument about something important

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

endowmentsnounUS /enˈdaʊmənts/

plural of “endowment” — natural abilities or qualities

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

fetchingadjectiveUS /ˈfetʃɪŋ/

very attractive; capturing interest

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

inclinable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

indulgentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒənt/

characterized by or given to yielding to the wishes of someone

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

inquireverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪr/

address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

inquiriesnounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪəriz/

plural of “inquiry” — a search for knowledge

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

notwithstandingadverbUS /ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

philosophynounUS /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

reckonverbUS /ˈrekən/

expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

roughnessnounUS /ˈrʌfnəs/

a texture of a surface or edge that is not smooth but is irregular and uneven

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

severitynounUS /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading They inquire, likewise, into the nature of virtue and pleasure.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “As to moral philosophy, they have the same disputes among them as we have here.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

wherein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But their chief dispute is concerning the happiness of a man, and wherein it consists—whether in some one thing or in a great many.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading They examine what are properly good, both for the body and the mind; and whether any outward thing can be called truly _good_, or if that term belong only to the endowments of the soul.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading They seem, indeed, more inclinable to that opinion that places, if not the whole, yet the chief part, of a man’s happiness in pleasure; and, what may seem more strange, they make use of arguments even from religion, notwithstanding its severity and roughness, for the support of that opinion so indulgent to pleasure; for they never dispute concerning happiness without fetching some arguments from the principles of religion as well as from natural reason, since without the former they reckon that all our inquiries after happiness must be but conjectural and defective.

Chapter 7 of Utopia by Thomas, Saint More holds 72 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Utopia contain?

Chapter 7 holds 72 sentences of Utopia, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Utopia by Thomas, Saint More exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 72 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Utopia?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Utopia

Common questions about reading Utopia by Thomas, Saint More on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Utopia?

Yes. All 748 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2130 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Utopia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2130, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Utopia take to read?

About 62 minutes of reading across 150 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Utopia section by section

How to work through Utopia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Utopia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Utopia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Utopia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Thomas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Justice
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bench
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Street
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.