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Vagabond Adventures
Vagabond Adventures

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Vagabond Adventures
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MY FIRST COMPANY.
Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.
The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.
I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.
Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Vagabond Adventures

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures is here in full — 48 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MY FIRST COMPANY.
/maɪ fɜːrst ˈkʌmpəniː/
Line 2
Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.
Line 3
The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.
Line 4
I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.
Line 5
Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.
/ˈmɪstər fɔːrd ɪn huːz ˈθiːətər ˈprezədent ˈlɪŋkən wɑːz əˈsæsəneɪtɪd wɑːz aɪ bɪˈliːv ðə ˈeɪdʒənt ʌv ðɪs ˈkʌmpəniː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assassinated adjective US /əˈsæsəneɪtɪd/

murdered by surprise attack for political reasons

From this reading “Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.”

convey verb US /kənˈveɪ/

(of information) make known; pass on

From this reading “The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.”

esteemed adjective US /ɪˈstiːmd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

individuals noun US /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

Lincoln noun US /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading “Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.”

ministers noun US /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

pleasurable adjective US /ˈpleʒərəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading “The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.”

troupe noun US /truːp/

organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)

From this reading “The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

highly esteemed adverb + adjective

In this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

public amusement noun + noun

In this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

on the spot preposition + article + noun counted as “on … spot”

without delay or immediately

In this reading “I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.”

at the time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

agentnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənt/

an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

amusementnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənt/

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

assassinatedadjectiveUS /əˈsæsəneɪtɪd/

murdered by surprise attack for political reasons

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

banjo-solo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

COMPANYnounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading MY FIRST COMPANY.

conveyverbUS /kənˈveɪ/

(of information) make known; pass on

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

esteemedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstiːmd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading MY FIRST COMPANY.

FordnounUS /fɔːrd/

United States film maker (1896-1973)

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

highlyadverbUS /ˈhaɪli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

individualsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

Kunkels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

ministersnounUS /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY FIRST COMPANY.

negro-minstrel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

Negro-minstrels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

plantation-jig

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

pleasurableadjectiveUS /ˈpleʒərəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading I resolved on the spot to be a negro-minstrel.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

theatrenounUS /ˈθiːətər/

a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

thrillnounUS /θrɪl/

the swift release of a store of affective force

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

troupenounUS /truːp/

organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical)

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The first troupe of the kind I saw was the old “Kunkels,” and I can convey no idea of the pleasurable thrill I felt at the banjo-solo and the plantation-jig.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Mr. Ford, in whose theatre President Lincoln was assassinated, was, I believe, the agent of this company.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Negro-minstrels were, I think, more highly esteemed at the time of which I am about to write than they are now; at least, I thought more of them then, both as individuals and as ministers to public amusement, than I ever have since.

Chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures by Ralph Keeler holds 48 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures contain?

Chapter 11 holds 48 sentences of Vagabond Adventures, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures by Ralph Keeler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 48 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Vagabond Adventures?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Vagabond Adventures

Common questions about reading Vagabond Adventures by Ralph Keeler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Vagabond Adventures?

Yes. All 1705 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58982 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Vagabond Adventures is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58982, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Vagabond Adventures take to read?

About 142 minutes of reading across 341 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Vagabond Adventures section by section

How to work through Vagabond Adventures section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Vagabond Adventures to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Vagabond Adventures

Words and structures a reader meets early in Vagabond Adventures, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vagabond
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventures
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ralph
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Keeler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Adventures; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.