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Vagabond Life in Mexico
Vagabond Life in Mexico

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
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Fray Epigmenio.
Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.
The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.
We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.
The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Vagabond Life in Mexico

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Fray Epigmenio.
Line 2
Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.
/ɔːlˈredi ðə ˈɪndiən ˈvɪlədʒ leɪ ə liːɡ bɪˈhaɪnd ʌs/
Line 3
The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.
/ðə ruːt wiː wɜːr pərˈsuːɪŋ wɑːz θruː ə rəˈviːn ðə roʊd θruː wɪtʃ kʊd wɪð ˈdɪfəkəlti biː bɪˈliːvd tuː hæv bɪn meɪd baɪ ðə hænd ʌv mæn/
Line 4
We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.
/wiː suːn ˈentərd ə paɪn ˈfɔːrəst wɪtʃ ræn əˈlɔːŋ ə tʃeɪn ʌv prɪˈsɪpɪtəs hɪlz/
Line 5
The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.
/ðə ˈdɑːrknəs wɪtʃ wɑːz ˈrendərd ˈθɪkər baɪ ðə ˌɪntərˈleɪst ˈbræntʃəz ʌv ðə triːz ˈoʊvərˈhed wɑːz soʊ proʊˈfaʊnd ðæt ˈaʊər ˈhɔːrsəz kʊd ˈlɪtərəli ədˈvæns ˈoʊnli baɪ ðə ɡliːm ʌv ðə ˈvɪvəd ˈflæʃɪz ʌv ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

flashes noun US /ˈflæʃɪz/

plural of “flash” — a sudden intense burst of radiant energy

From this reading “The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.”

Fray verb US /freɪ/

wear away by rubbing

From this reading “Fray Epigmenio.”

interlaced adjective US /ˌɪntərˈleɪst/

having a pattern of fretwork or latticework

From this reading “The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.”

league noun US /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading “Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.”

precipitous adjective US /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

done with very great haste and without due deliberation

From this reading “We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.”

pursuing adjective US /pərˈsuːɪŋ/

following in order to overtake or capture or as accompaniment to such pursuit

From this reading “The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.”

ravine noun US /rəˈviːn/

a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading “The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.”

thicker adjective US /ˈθɪkər/

comparative of “thick” — not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading “The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

pine forest noun + noun

In this reading “We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.”

ran along verb + particle counted as “run along”

be in line with; form a line along

In this reading “We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.”

gleam of verb + particle

In this reading “The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.”

with difficulty preposition + noun

In this reading “The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.”

flashes of verb + particle counted as “flash of”

In this reading “The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

advanceverbUS /ədˈvæns/

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

AlreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

chainnounUS /tʃeɪn/

a series of things depending on each other as if linked together

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

Epigmenio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fray Epigmenio.

flashesnounUS /ˈflæʃɪz/

plural of “flash” — a sudden intense burst of radiant energy

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

FrayverbUS /freɪ/

wear away by rubbing

From this reading Fray Epigmenio.

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

interlacedadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈleɪst/

having a pattern of fretwork or latticework

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

leaguenounUS /liːɡ/

an association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

lightningnounUS /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

precipitousadjectiveUS /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

done with very great haste and without due deliberation

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

pursuingadjectiveUS /pərˈsuːɪŋ/

following in order to overtake or capture or as accompaniment to such pursuit

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

ravinenounUS /rəˈviːn/

a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading We soon entered a pine forest which ran along a chain of precipitous hills.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

thickeradjectiveUS /ˈθɪkər/

comparative of “thick” — not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Already the Indian village lay a league behind us.

vividadjectiveUS /ˈvɪvəd/

evoking lifelike images within the mind

From this reading The darkness, which was rendered thicker by the interlaced branches of the trees overhead, was so profound that our horses could literally advance only by the gleam of the vivid flashes of lightning.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The route we were pursuing was through a ravine, the road through which could with difficulty be believed to have been made by the hand of man.

Chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico contain?

Chapter 7 holds 108 sentences of Vagabond Life in Mexico, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Vagabond Life in Mexico?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Vagabond Life in Mexico

Common questions about reading Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Vagabond Life in Mexico?

Yes. All 4776 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50620 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Vagabond Life in Mexico is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50620, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Vagabond Life in Mexico take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 956 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Vagabond Life in Mexico section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Vagabond Life in Mexico

Words and structures a reader meets early in Vagabond Life in Mexico, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mexico
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Resident
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.