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Vagabond Life in Mexico
Vagabond Life in Mexico

Chapter XXIX

Chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.
The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.
It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.
Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.
The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Vagabond Life in Mexico

Chapter XXIX

Chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.
Line 2
The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.
Line 3
It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.
/ɪt wɑːz nɑːt tɪl ðə end ʌv ðə sɪkˈstiːnθ ˈsentʃəri ðæt kaʊnt diː ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ ðə ˈvaɪsrɔɪ leɪd ðə faʊnˈdeɪʃənz ʌv ðə ˈprezənt ˈsɪti/
Line 4
Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.
Line 5
The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

circulate verb US /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪt/

become widely known and passed on

From this reading “The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.”

conquerors noun US /ˈkɑːŋkərərz/

plural of “conqueror” — someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading “Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.”

Cortez noun US /kɔːrˈtez/

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

From this reading “The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.”

lavished verb US /ˈlævɪʃt/

past form of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading “Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.”

Monterey noun US /ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ/

a town in western California to the south of San Francisco on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay

From this reading “It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.”

sixteenth adjective US /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading “It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.”

undertakings noun US /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading “Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.”

viceroy noun US /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign

From this reading “It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sixteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.”

intense heat adjective + noun

In this reading “The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.”

till the end preposition + article + noun counted as “till … end”

In this reading “It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

anglesnounUS /ˈæŋɡəlz/

plural of “angle” — the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

Bocca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

circulateverbUS /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪt/

become widely known and passed on

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

conquerorsnounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərərz/

plural of “conqueror” — someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

CorteznounUS /kɔːrˈtez/

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

Cruz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

del

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.

DestinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

disembarked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

foundationsnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

keynounUS /kiː/

metal device shaped in such a way that when it is inserted into the appropriate lock the lock's mechanism can be rotated

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

lavishedverbUS /ˈlævɪʃt/

past form of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

MontereynounUS /ˌmɑːntərˈeɪ/

a town in western California to the south of San Francisco on a peninsula at the southern end of Monterey Bay

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

RionounUS /ˈriːoʊ/

the former capital and 2nd largest city of Brazil; chief Brazilian port; famous as a tourist attraction

From this reading Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.

sea-breezes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

sixteenthadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

splendornounUS /ˈsplen.dər/

Magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur and brilliance.

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

undertakingsnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

Vera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Vera Cruz.--Bocca del Rio.

viceroynounUS /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was not till the end of the sixteenth century that Count de Monterey, the viceroy, laid the foundations of the present city.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The houses were made large and spacious, and the streets crossed each other at right angles, to allow the fresh sea-breezes to circulate freely, and to temper the intense heat of the atmosphere.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The place where Vera Cruz now stands is not that on which Cortez first disembarked.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Destined to become the key to New Spain, Vera Cruz was built by the conquerors with all the splendor which they usually lavished on their undertakings.

Chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry holds 92 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico contain?

Chapter 29 holds 92 sentences of Vagabond Life in Mexico, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 92 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 29 of Vagabond Life in Mexico?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 29 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 29 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Vagabond Life in Mexico

Common questions about reading Vagabond Life in Mexico by Gabriel Ferry on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Vagabond Life in Mexico?

Yes. All 4776 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50620 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Vagabond Life in Mexico is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50620, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 398 minutes of reading across 956 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Vagabond Life in Mexico

Words and structures a reader meets early in Vagabond Life in Mexico, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mexico
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Resident
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vagabond Life in Mexico; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.