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Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent
Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent is here in full — 228 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/45 · 5 lines
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--Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.
The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.
He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.
Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.
Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent is here in full — 228 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/45 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
--Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.
Line 2
The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.
Line 3
He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.
Line 4
Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.
Line 5
Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crossroads noun US /ˈkrɔːsroʊdz/

a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading “He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.”

Cumber verb US /ˈkʌmbər/

restrict (someone or something) so as to make free movement difficult

From this reading “The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.”

Dialogue noun US /ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/

a conversation between two persons

From this reading “--Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.”

Immorality noun US /ˌɪmərˈælɪti/

the quality of not being in accord with standards of right or good conduct

From this reading “--Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.”

kerchief noun US /ˈkɜːrtʃəf/

a square scarf that is folded into a triangle and worn over the head or about the neck

From this reading “Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.”

Poll noun US /poʊl/

an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people

From this reading “He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.”

Polls noun US /poʊlz/

the place where people vote

From this reading “--Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.”

Sessions noun US /ˈseʃənz/

United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)

From this reading “The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

bonnetnounUS /ˈbɑːnət/

a hat tied under the chin

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

CausesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

ConstitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

CottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

crossroadsnounUS /ˈkrɔːsroʊdz/

a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

CumberverbUS /ˈkʌmbər/

restrict (someone or something) so as to make free movement difficult

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

Darby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

DialoguenounUS /ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/

a conversation between two persons

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

Doolin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

GenerousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

gipsy-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

half-way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

harmlessadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrmləs/

not causing or capable of causing harm

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

idiotnounUS /ˈɪdiːət/

a person of subnormal intelligence

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

ImmoralitynounUS /ˌɪmərˈælɪti/

the quality of not being in accord with standards of right or good conduct

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

instructionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

kerchiefnounUS /ˈkɜːrtʃəf/

a square scarf that is folded into a triangle and worn over the head or about the neck

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

M'Clutchy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

M'Clutchy's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

MoraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

mostlyadverbUS /ˈmoʊstli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

O'Drive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

OpinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

parishnounUS /ˈpærɪʃ/

a local church community

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

piercingadjectiveUS /ˈpɪrsɪŋ/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

PollnounUS /poʊl/

an inquiry into public opinion conducted by interviewing a random sample of people

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

PollsnounUS /poʊlz/

the place where people vote

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

proceedingsnounUS /proʊˈsiːdɪŋz/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

QuarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

Raymond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

sallowadjective

unhealthy looking

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

SchoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

SessionsnounUS /ˈseʃənz/

United States composer who promoted 20th century music (1896-1985)

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

ShortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

Solomonproper nounUS /ˈsɒl.ə.mən/

A legendary king renowned for his wisdom and fabulous hidden mines.

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

SonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

SquirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

stockingsnounUS /ˈstɑːkɪŋz/

plural of “stocking” — close-fitting hosiery to cover the foot and leg; come in matched pairs (usually used in the plural)

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

TimesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading --Raymond, her Son--Short Dialogue on the Times--Polls Opinion on the Causes of Immorality--Solomon is Generous--A Squire of the Old School--And a Moral Dialogue.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Poll was a thin, sallow woman, with piercing dark eyes, and a very; gipsy-like countenance.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The next morning was that on which the Quarter Sessions of Castle Cumber commenced; and of course it was necessary for Darby O'Drive, who was always full of business on such occasions, to see M'Clutchy, in order to receive instructions touching his duties on various proceedings connected with the estate.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading He had reached the crossroads that ran about half-way between Constitution Cottage and Castle Cumber, when! he met, just where the road turned to M'Clutchy's, a woman named Poll Doolin, accompanied, as she mostly was, by her son--a poor, harmless, idiot, named Raymond; both of whom were well known throughout the whole parish.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading Her dress was always black, and very much worn; in fact, everything about her was black--black stockings, black bonnet, black hair, and black kerchief.

Chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent by William Carleton holds 228 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent contain?

Chapter 4 holds 228 sentences of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent by William Carleton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 228 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent

Common questions about reading Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent by William Carleton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent?

Yes. All 7385 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16009 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16009, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1477 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent section by section

How to work through Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent

Words and structures a reader meets early in Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Marriage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Proposal--an
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Agent--an
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valentine M'Clutchy, The Irish Agent; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.