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Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs
Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is here in full — 83 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE IMPERIAL BANQUET.
At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.
Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.
Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.
As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is here in full — 83 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE IMPERIAL BANQUET.
/ðə ˌɪmˈpɪriəl ˈbæŋkwət/
Line 2
At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.
Line 3
Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.
Line 4
Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.
Line 5
As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjust verb US /əˈdʒʌst/

alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard

From this reading “Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.”

contrasted verb US /kənˈtræstəd/

past form of “contrast” — put in opposition to show or emphasize differences

From this reading “Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.”

herbs noun US /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading “At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.”

jet noun US /dʒet/

an airplane powered by one or more jet engines

From this reading “Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.”

Nubian noun US /ˈnjuːbiən/

a native or inhabitant of Nubia

From this reading “At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.”

potions noun US /ˈpoʊʃənz/

plural of “potion” — a medicinal or magical or poisonous beverage

From this reading “At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.”

strikingly adverb US /ˈstraɪkɪŋli/

in a striking manner

From this reading “Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.”

turban noun US /ˈtɜːrbən/

a traditional Muslim headdress consisting of a long scarf wrapped around the head

From this reading “Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

female slave adjective + noun

In this reading “At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.”

personal attendant adjective + noun

In this reading “Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.”

shut out verb + adjective

prevent from entering; shut out

In this reading “As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.”

stand behind verb + particle

In this reading “Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.”

old family adjective + noun

In this reading “At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

accompanyverbUS /əˈkʌmpəni/

be present or associated with an event or entity

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

adjustverbUS /əˈdʒʌst/

alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

attendantnounUS /əˈtendənt/

someone who waits on or tends to or attends to the needs of another

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

BANQUETnounUS /ˈbæŋkwət/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading THE IMPERIAL BANQUET.

banquet-hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

bright-coloured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

Callirhoë

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

chambernounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

a natural or artificial enclosed space

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

contrastedverbUS /kənˈtræstəd/

past form of “contrast” — put in opposition to show or emphasize differences

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

corridornounUS /ˈkɔːrədər/

an enclosed passageway; rooms usually open onto it

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

curtainnounUS /ˈkɜːrtən/

hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

empressnounUS /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

fanverbUS /fæn/

strike out (a batter), (of a pitcher)

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

gesturenounUS /ˈdʒestʃər/

motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

herbsnounUS /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

homelyadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊmli/

lacking in physical beauty or proportion

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

IMPERIALadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading THE IMPERIAL BANQUET.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

jetnounUS /dʒet/

an airplane powered by one or more jet engines

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

Juba

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

lictors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

NubiannounUS /ˈnjuːbiən/

a native or inhabitant of Nubia

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

nurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

obeyverbUS /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

potionsnounUS /ˈpoʊʃənz/

plural of “potion” — a medicinal or magical or poisonous beverage

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

precededverbUS /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “precede” — be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

robesnounUS /roʊbz/

plural of “robe” — any loose flowing garment

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

shutverbUS /ʃʌt/

move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

skilledadjectiveUS /skɪld/

having or showing or requiring special skill

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

snowyadjectiveUS /ˈsnoʊi/

marked by the presence of snow

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

sprangverbUS /spræŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

strikinglyadverbUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋli/

in a striking manner

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

summonsnounUS /ˈsʌmənz/

a request to be present

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE IMPERIAL BANQUET.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

tricliniumnoun

a dining room (especially a dining room containing a dining table with couches along three sides)

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

turbannounUS /ˈtɜːrbən/

a traditional Muslim headdress consisting of a long scarf wrapped around the head

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading At the summons of Callirhoë a Nubian female slave, Juba by name, an old family nurse, skilled in the use of herbs and potions, made her appearance.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading As she drew aside the curtain of the apartment which shut out the light and heat, two lictors who guarded the door sprang to their feet and preceded the empress through the marble corridor to the _triclinium_, or banquet chamber.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Her huge and snowy turban and her bright-coloured dress strikingly contrasted with her jet complexion and homely features.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Yet, as the personal attendant of the young empress, it was her duty to accompany her mistress to the banquet-hall, to stand behind her chair, to adjust her robes, hold her fan, and obey her every word or gesture.

Chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow holds 83 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs contain?

Chapter 4 holds 83 sentences of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 83 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Common questions about reading Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs?

Yes. All 2196 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33484 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33484, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs take to read?

About 183 minutes of reading across 440 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs section by section

How to work through Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Words and structures a reader meets early in Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Martyr
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Catacombs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.