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Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs
Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.
Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.
As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.
But they had a deeper cause of joy.
They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.
/ðə iːv ʌv ˈmɑːrtərdəm/
Line 2
Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.
Line 3
As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.
Line 4
But they had a deeper cause of joy.
/bʌt ðeɪ hæd ə ˈdiːpər kɑːz ʌv dʒɔɪ/
Line 5
They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Apostle noun US /əˈpɑːsəl/

an ardent early supporter of a cause or reform

From this reading “They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.”

Coliseum noun US /ˌkɑːləˈsiːəm/

an oval large stadium with tiers of seats; an arena in which contests and spectacles are held

From this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

lair noun US /ler/

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading “As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.”

lion's noun US /ˈlaɪənz/

possessive form of “lion” — large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading “As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.”

martyrdom noun US /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

death that is imposed because of the person's adherence of a religious faith or cause

From this reading “THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.”

martyrs noun US /ˈmɑːrtərz/

plural of “martyr” — one who suffers for the sake of principle

From this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

Pilate noun US /ˈpaɪlʌt/

the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)

From this reading “They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.”

vaulted adjective US /ˈvɔːltɪd/

having a hemispherical vault or dome

From this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

vaulted chamber adjective + noun

In this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

rough stone adjective + noun

In this reading “As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.”

stone floor noun + noun

In this reading “As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.”

on the eve preposition + article + noun counted as “on … eve”

In this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

Far different adverb + adjective

In this reading “Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.”

act of verb + particle

In this reading “As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

ApostlenounUS /əˈpɑːsəl/

an ardent early supporter of a cause or reform

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But they had a deeper cause of joy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But they had a deeper cause of joy.

chambernounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

a natural or artificial enclosed space

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

ColiseumnounUS /ˌkɑːləˈsiːəm/

an oval large stadium with tiers of seats; an arena in which contests and spectacles are held

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

confessionnounUS /kənˈfeʃən/

an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

Cæsar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

deeperadverbUS /ˈdiːpər/

comparative of “deeply” — to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading But they had a deeper cause of joy.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

EVEnounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

FaradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

fetter-cramped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

HimselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

indescribableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

defying expression or description

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading But they had a deeper cause of joy.

lairnounUS /ler/

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

lion'snounUS /ˈlaɪənz/

possessive form of “lion” — large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

MARTYRDOMnounUS /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

death that is imposed because of the person's adherence of a religious faith or cause

From this reading THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.

martyrsnounUS /ˈmɑːrtərz/

plural of “martyr” — one who suffers for the sake of principle

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

PilatenounUS /ˈpaɪlʌt/

the Roman procurator of Judea who ordered that Jesus be crucified (died in AD 36)

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

Pontius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

refuseverbUS /rəˈfjuːz/

show unwillingness towards

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

removedadjectiveUS /riˈmuːvd/

separated in relationship by a given degree of descent

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

seatsnounUS /siːts/

an area that includes places where several people can sit

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

stiffenedverbUS /ˈstɪfənd/

past form of “stiffen” — become stiff or stiffer

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

strawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EVE OF MARTYRDOM.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But they had a deeper cause of joy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

triumphnounUS /ˈtraɪəmf/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

vaultedadjectiveUS /ˈvɔːltɪd/

having a hemispherical vault or dome

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

whitheradverbUS /ˈwɪðər/

an old word meaning “to where”

From this reading Far different was the scene presented by another spot not far distant--a vaulted chamber beneath the stone seats of the Coliseum, whither the destined Christian martyrs had been removed on the eve before the day of their triumph.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As an act of grace, some coarse straw, the refuse of a lion's lair, had been given them, and the relief to their fetter-cramped limbs, stiffened with lying on a rough stone floor, was in itself an indescribable delight.

witnessnounUS /ˈwɪtnəs/

someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading They were found worthy to witness a good confession for Christ before Cæsar, like the beloved Apostle Paul; and even as their Lord Himself before Pontius Pilate.

Chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow holds 32 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs contain?

Chapter 24 holds 32 sentences of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 32 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Common questions about reading Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs by W. H. (William Henry) Withrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs?

Yes. All 2196 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33484 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33484, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs take to read?

About 183 minutes of reading across 440 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs section by section

How to work through Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs

Words and structures a reader meets early in Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Martyr
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Catacombs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valeria, the Martyr of the Catacombs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.