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Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)
Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.
Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.
She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.
Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.
If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.
Line 2
Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.
Line 3
She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.
/ʃiː riˈzɑːlvd æt liːst tuː emˈplɔɪ ɔːl ðə ˈɪnfluːəns hɜːr pəˈzeʃənz ənd kəˈnekʃənz ɡeɪv hɜːr tuː ərˈest ðə hænd ʌv ðə ˈmɜːrdərər/
Line 4
Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.
Line 5
If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adored adjective US /əˈdɔːrd/

regarded with deep or rapturous love (especially as if for a god)

From this reading “If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.”

agonizing adjective US /ˈæɡənaɪzɪŋ/

extremely painful

From this reading “Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.”

connexions noun US /kəˈnekʃənz/

plural of “connexion” — a connecting shape

From this reading “She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.”

courtesies noun US /ˈkɜːrtəsiz/

plural of “courtesy” — a courteous or respectful or considerate act

From this reading “If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.”

Euthanasia noun US /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading “_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.”

ferocity noun US /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading “Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.”

imprisonment noun US /ˌɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment

From this reading “_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.”

inexperienced adjective US /ɪnɪkˈspɪriənst/

lacking practical experience or training

From this reading “If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Well acquainted adverb + adjective

In this reading “Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.”

taken place adjective + noun

In this reading “_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.”

arrived at verb + particle counted as “arrive at”

reach a destination, either real or abstract

In this reading “Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.”

ill news adjective + noun

In this reading “_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.”

powerful effect adjective + noun

In this reading “If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.”

same evening adjective + noun

In this reading “_Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.”

in the morning preposition + article + noun counted as “in … morning”

In this reading “Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.”

at the castle preposition + article + noun counted as “at … castle”

In this reading “Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

acquaintedadjectiveUS /əˈkweɪntɪd/

having fair knowledge of

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

admiredadjectiveUS /ədˈmaɪərd/

regarded with admiration

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

adoredadjectiveUS /əˈdɔːrd/

regarded with deep or rapturous love (especially as if for a god)

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

agonizingadjectiveUS /ˈæɡənaɪzɪŋ/

extremely painful

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

arrestverbUS /ərˈest/

take into custody

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

Arrigo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

assistverbUS /əˈsɪst/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

Bindo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

Castruccio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

connexionsnounUS /kəˈnekʃənz/

plural of “connexion” — a connecting shape

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

courtesiesnounUS /ˈkɜːrtəsiz/

plural of “courtesy” — a courteous or respectful or considerate act

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

dastardnoun

a despicable coward

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

employverbUS /emˈplɔɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

EuthanasianounUS /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

Faggiuola

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

fearsnounUS /fɪrz/

plural of “fear” — an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

FlorencenounUS /ˈflɔːrəns/

a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

Guinigi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

imprisonmentnounUS /ˌɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

inexperiencedadjectiveUS /ɪnɪkˈspɪriənst/

lacking practical experience or training

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

Lucca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

murderernounUS /ˈmɜːrdərər/

a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

PeacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

possessionsnounUS /pəˈzeʃənz/

plural of “possession” — the act of having and controlling property

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

puritynounUS /ˈpjʊrəti/

being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

Ranieri

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading She resolved at least to employ all the influence her possessions and connexions gave her, to arrest the hand of the murderer.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

sexnounUS /seks/

activities associated with sexual intercourse

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

travelledadjectiveUS /ˈtrævəld/

familiar with many parts of the world

From this reading _Peace between Lucca and Florence.--Bindo._ The ill news had travelled fast; and Euthanasia knew of the imprisonment of Castruccio the same evening that it had taken place.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading Well acquainted with the cruel policy of the Faggiuola family and in particular with the dastard ferocity of Ranieri, her fears were wound up to an agonizing height: more unhappy than the prisoner himself, she slept not, nor did she seek sleep; but her thoughts were bent on the consideration of whether she were able in any manner to assist her friend.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Early in the morning young Guinigi arrived at the castle.

youthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading If Arrigo admired Castruccio, he adored Euthanasia; her sex and beauty might well have a powerful effect on his youthful heart, and her simplicity and purity were more calculated to influence his inexperienced but active understanding, than the more studied courtesies of Castruccio.

Chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley holds 114 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 13 holds 114 sentences of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 114 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)

Common questions about reading Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)?

Yes. All 1587 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63337 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63337, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) section by section

How to work through Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Valperga Volume 1 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Valperga Volume 1 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Euthanasia's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Court
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Continued
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arrives
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.