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Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)
Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.
Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."
Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.
"Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"
"Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.
Line 2
Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."
Line 3
Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.
Line 4
"Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"
Line 5
"Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

battlements noun US /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading “_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.”

erecting noun US /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading “_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.”

Euthanasia noun US /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading “_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.”

furbishing verb US /ˈfɜːrbɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “furbish” — polish and make shiny

From this reading “Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.”

gird verb US /ɡɜːrd/

prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading “"Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."”

murmuring noun US /ˈmɜːrmərɪŋ/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."”

projecting adjective US /prəˈdʒektɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading “Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.”

repairing verb US /rɪˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “repair” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading “_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

slight noise noun + noun

In this reading “Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."”

After the departure preposition + article + noun counted as “after … departure”

In this reading “_Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.”

too large adverb + adjective

excessively large

In this reading “Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."”

find some verb + adjective

In this reading “Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."”

some way adjective + noun

In this reading “Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

Albinois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

Areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

armourernoun

a worker skilled in making armor or arms

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

Aye

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

battlementsnounUS /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

Bindo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

edgesnounUS /ˈedʒəz/

plural of “edge” — the boundary of a surface

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

erectingnounUS /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

EuthanasianounUS /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

furbishingverbUS /ˈfɜːrbɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “furbish” — polish and make shiny

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

girdverbUS /ɡɜːrd/

prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

helmetnounUS /ˈhelmət/

armor plate that protects the head

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

LookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

murmuringnounUS /ˈmɜːrmərɪŋ/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

outworks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

projectingadjectiveUS /prəˈdʒektɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

repairingverbUS /rɪˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “repair” — restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

straitened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

to-morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

Tripalda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

Valperga

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _Valperga taken._ After the departure of Tripalda, Euthanasia remained long on the battlements of her castle, watching the men who were employed in repairing and erecting some outworks for its defence.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Every now and then she heard a murmuring near her, a slight noise, and then a voice which said--"Aye, that will do; this helmet is still too large, I must find some way to cut it round the edges."

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Looking up, she saw at a small window of one of the projecting towers the Albinois, who appeared furbishing and repairing arms.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Are we so straitened for men," she said, "that you are obliged to turn armourer, my poor Bindo?"

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Not an armourer, but a soldier, lady; to-morrow I gird on my sword for your defence."

Chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley holds 107 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 11 holds 107 sentences of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 107 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)

Common questions about reading Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)?

Yes. All 1590 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63338 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63338, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) section by section

How to work through Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Valperga Volume 2 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Valperga Volume 2 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conference
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Castruccio
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Galeazzo
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Visconti--of
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Valperga Volume 2 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.