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Vassall Morton: A Novel
Vassall Morton: A Novel

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.
On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.
Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.
He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.
"Richards is my name," said the stranger.
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Vassall Morton: A Novel

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.
Line 2
On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.
Line 3
Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.
/ˈmɔːrtən ˌhaʊˈevər wɑːz æt ə lɔːs tuː ˈrekəɡnaɪz hɪm/
Line 4
He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.
Line 5
"Richards is my name," said the stranger.
/ˈrɪtʃərdz ɪz maɪ neɪm sed ðə ˈstreɪndʒər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accosted verb US /əˈkɑːstɪd/

past form of “accost” — speak to someone

From this reading “On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.”

conveniently adverb US /kənˈviːnjəntli/

in a convenient manner

From this reading “He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.”

counsels noun US /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading “For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.”

designs noun US /dɪˈzaɪnz/

plural of “design” — the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading “For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.”

Dryden noun US /ˈdraɪdən/

the outstanding poet and dramatist of the Restoration (1631-1700)

raffish adjective US /ˈræfɪʃ/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

Richards noun US /ˈrɪtʃərdz/

English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)

From this reading “"Richards is my name," said the stranger.”

turbulent adjective US /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading “For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.”

at a loss preposition + article + noun counted as “at … loss”

filled with bewilderment

In this reading “Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

accostedverbUS /əˈkɑːstɪd/

past form of “accost” — speak to someone

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

convenientlyadverbUS /kənˈviːnjəntli/

in a convenient manner

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

counselsnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəlz/

plural of “counsel” — a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

crookedadjectiveUS /ˈkrʊkəd/

having or marked by bends or angles; not straight or aligned

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

designsnounUS /dɪˈzaɪnz/

plural of “design” — the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

devil-may-careadjective

cheerfully irresponsible

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

DrydennounUS /ˈdraɪdən/

the outstanding poet and dramatist of the Restoration (1631-1700)

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

good-naturedadjective

having an easygoing and cheerful disposition

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

MortonnounUS /ˈmɔːrtən/

United States jazz musician who moved from ragtime to New Orleans jazz (1885-1941)

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

raffishadjectiveUS /ˈræfɪʃ/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

recognizeverbUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

RichardsnounUS /ˈrɪtʃərdz/

English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

Sagaciousadjective

acutely insightful and wise

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

salutationnoun

an act of honor or courteous recognition

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading "Richards is my name," said the stranger.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Morton, however, was at a loss to recognize him.

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

turbulentadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He had an air which may most conveniently be described as _raffish_, a hat set on one side of his head, and a good-natured, easy, devil-may-care face.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading For close designs and crooked counsels fit, Sagacious, bold, and turbulent of wit.--_Dryden_.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the next morning he was walking near the Court House, when a man accosted him, touching his hat with one hand, and holding out the other in the way of friendly salutation.

Chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel by Francis Parkman holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel contain?

Chapter 31 holds 104 sentences of Vassall Morton: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel by Francis Parkman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Vassall Morton: A Novel?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #39768, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Vassall Morton: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Vassall Morton: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vassall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vassall Morton: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vassall Morton: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vassall Morton: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vassall Morton: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.