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Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade
Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.
Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.
Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.
Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.
In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.
Line 2
Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.
Line 3
Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.
/əˈɡen ənd əˈɡen hiː wɑːz riˈpʌlst ənd ˈdrɪvən bæk tuː hɪz oʊn dəˈmɪnjənz bʌt æt ðə læst hiː prɪˈveɪld ənd ðə ˈaɪərn wɪl ʌv ðə mæn huːz ˈrɔɪəl reɪs wɑːz tuː ɡɪv ˈɪŋɡlənd ˈfɔːrˈtiːn kɪŋz fɔːrst ˈnɔːrməndi tuː səbˈmɪʃən ənd ðeˈræftər hiː ruːld ɪn piːs/
Line 4
Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.
/jet hiː wɑːz nɑːt soʊ ˈstrɔːŋli ɪˈstæblɪʃt bʌt ðæt hiː dɪˈzaɪərd saʊnd ˈfrendʃɪps ənd strɔːŋ əˈlaɪənsəz tuː səˈpɔːrt hɪm ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm hiː wɑːz ˈæŋkʃəs tuː əbˈteɪn help fɔːr hɪz waɪf ɪn hɜːr prəˈlɔːŋd ˈstrʌɡəl fɔːr ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ kraʊn/
Line 5
In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alliances noun US /əˈlaɪənsəz/

plural of “alliance” — the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading “Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.”

Aquitaine noun US /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/

a region of southwestern France between Bordeaux and the Pyrenees

From this reading “In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.”

deputy noun US /ˈdepjəti/

someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies

From this reading “In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.”

dominions noun US /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading “Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.”

feudal adjective US /ˈfjuːdəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of feudalism

From this reading “In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.”

friendships noun US /ˈfrendʃɪps/

plural of “friendship” — the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading “Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.”

Normandy noun US /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading “Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.”

repulsed verb US /riˈpʌlst/

past form of “repulse” — force or drive back

From this reading “Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

alliancesnounUS /əˈlaɪənsəz/

plural of “alliance” — the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

Anjounoun

a former province of western France in the Loire valley

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

AquitainenounUS /ˌækwɪˈteɪn/

a region of southwestern France between Bordeaux and the Pyrenees

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

deputynounUS /ˈdepjəti/

someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

dominionsnounUS /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

Eleanor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

feudaladjectiveUS /ˈfjuːdəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of feudalism

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

footmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

friendshipsnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪps/

plural of “friendship” — the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

Geoffrey's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

GrandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

Guienne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

inheritancenounUS /ˌɪnˈherətəns/

hereditary succession to a title or an office or property

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

latelyadverbUS /ˈleɪtli/

in the recent past

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

lawfuladjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfəl/

conformable to or allowed by law

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

lordshipnounUS /ˈlɔːrdʃɪp/

a title used to address any British peer except a duke and extended to a bishop or a judge

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

LouisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

men-at-arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

NormandynounUS /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

personagenoun

another word for person; a person not meriting identification

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

Poitounoun

a low-lying region of west central France on the Bay of Biscay

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

prolongedadjectiveUS /prəˈlɔːŋd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

repulsedverbUS /riˈpʌlst/

past form of “repulse” — force or drive back

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

ruledadjectiveUS /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

Seneschalnoun

the chief steward or butler of a great household

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

sovereignadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːv.rən/

Possessing supreme or ultimate power; autonomous and commanding.

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

stronglyadverbUS /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

submissionnounUS /səbˈmɪʃən/

something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

thereafteradverbUS /ðeˈræftər/

from that time on

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

TwiceadverbUS /twaɪs/

two times

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Those were the early days of Geoffrey's lordship in Normandy.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

wife'snounUS /waɪfs/

possessive form of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Again and again he was repulsed and driven back to his own dominions, but at the last he prevailed, and the iron will of the man whose royal race was to give England fourteen kings, forced Normandy to submission, and thereafter he ruled in peace.

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Twice and three times he came up from Anjou with his men-at-arms and his footmen to take possession of his wife's lawful inheritance.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet he was not so strongly established but that he desired sound friendships and strong alliances to support him, and at the same time he was anxious to obtain help for his wife in her prolonged struggle for the English crown.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading In his office of Grand Seneschal of France he generally caused himself to be represented by a deputy; but he had lately determined to make a journey to Paris, in the hope of winning over the young King Louis, and perhaps the beautiful Queen Eleanor, who was feudal sovereign, in her own right, of Guienne, Poitou and Aquitaine, and in reality a more powerful personage than the King himself.

Chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade contain?

Chapter 6 holds 128 sentences of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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About 334 minutes of reading across 804 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade

Words and structures a reader meets early in Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Setting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lord's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grace
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Via Crucis: A Romance of the Second Crusade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.