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Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era
Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era

Chapter IV · The Net Is Rent

Chapter IV of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era, “The Net Is Rent,” is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.
The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.
The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.
Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.
The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era

Chapter IV · The Net Is Rent

Chapter IV of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era, “The Net Is Rent,” is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.
Line 2
The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.
Line 3
The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.
Line 4
Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.
Line 5
The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cooing verb US /ˈkuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “coo” — speak softly or lovingly

From this reading “Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.”

formalism noun US /ˈfɔːrməlɪzəm/

the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented

From this reading “The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.”

mulberry noun US /ˈmʌlberi/

any of several trees of the genus Morus having edible fruit that resembles the blackberry

From this reading “The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.”

odors noun US /ˈoʊdərz/

plural of “odor” — any property detected by the olfactory system

From this reading “The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.”

oleander noun US /ˈoʊliændər/

an ornamental but poisonous flowering shrub having narrow evergreen leaves and clusters of fragrant white to pink or red flowers: native to East Indies but widely cultivated in warm regions

From this reading “The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.”

openness noun US /ˈoʊpənnəs/

without obstructions to passage or view

From this reading “The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.”

quail verb US /kweɪl/

draw back, as with fear or pain

From this reading “Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.”

spicy adjective US /ˈspaɪsi/

producing a burning sensation on the taste nerves

From this reading “The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thick foliage adjective + noun

In this reading “Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.”

sweet odors adjective + noun counted as “sweet odor”

In this reading “The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.”

under the influence preposition + article + noun counted as “under … influence”

In this reading “The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.”

former days adjective + noun

In this reading “The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.”

hung over verb + particle counted as “hang over”

In this reading “The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.”

done credit adjective + noun

In this reading “Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.”

upon the surface preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … surface”

In this reading “The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.”

over the water preposition + article + noun counted as “over … water”

In this reading “The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

bendingnounUS /ˈbendɪŋ/

movement that causes the formation of a curve

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

Benoni

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

contributionnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən/

the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

cooingverbUS /ˈkuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “coo” — speak softly or lovingly

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

creditnounUS /ˈkredət/

approval

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

Cydnus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

decayedadjectiveUS /dəˈkeɪd/

damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

dovenounUS /dʌv/

any of numerous small pigeons

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

exhalations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

foliagenounUS /ˈfoʊlɪdʒ/

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

formalismnounUS /ˈfɔːrməlɪzəm/

the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

fragrantadjectiveUS /ˈfreɪɡrənt/

pleasant-smelling

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

freightnounUS /freɪt/

goods carried by a large vehicle

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

gardensnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənz/

plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

gentlyadverbUS /ˈdʒentli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

glidedverbUS /ˈɡlaɪdɪd/

past form of “glide” — move smoothly and effortlessly

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

harshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

inspirationnounUS /ˌɪnspərˈeɪʃən/

arousal of the mind to special unusual activity or creativity

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

JewishadjectiveUS /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

ladenadjectiveUS /ˈleɪdən/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

lilynounUS /ˈlɪli/

any liliaceous plant of the genus Lilium having showy pendulous flowers

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

matenounUS /meɪt/

the officer below the master on a commercial ship

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

matureadjectiveUS /məˈtʃʊr/

characteristic of maturity

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

mirrornounUS /ˈmɪrər/

polished surface that forms images by reflecting light

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

mistyadjectiveUS /ˈmɪsti/

filled or abounding with fog or mist

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

mulberrynounUS /ˈmʌlberi/

any of several trees of the genus Morus having edible fruit that resembles the blackberry

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

musclesnounUS /ˈmʌsəlz/

plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

nightingalenounUS /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/

European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

oarsnounUS /ɔːrz/

plural of “oar” — an implement used to propel or steer a boat

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

odorsnounUS /ˈoʊdərz/

plural of “odor” — any property detected by the olfactory system

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

oleandernounUS /ˈoʊliændər/

an ornamental but poisonous flowering shrub having narrow evergreen leaves and clusters of fragrant white to pink or red flowers: native to East Indies but widely cultivated in warm regions

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

opennessnounUS /ˈoʊpənnəs/

without obstructions to passage or view

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

perchanceadverbUS /pərˈtʃæns/

through chance

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

plashverb

interlace the shoots of

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

pliedverbUS /plaɪd/

inflected form of “ply” — give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

poeticadjectiveUS /poʊˈetɪk/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

prominentadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːmənənt/

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

prophecynounUS /ˈprɒf.ə.si/

A prediction of what will happen in the future, often divinely or magically inspired.

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

psalmodynoun

the act of singing psalms or hymns

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

quailverbUS /kweɪl/

draw back, as with fear or pain

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

quivered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

Saulus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

shallop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

shrubsnounUS /ʃrʌbz/

plural of “shrub” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

spicyadjectiveUS /ˈspaɪsi/

producing a burning sensation on the taste nerves

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

steadyverbUS /ˈstedi/

make steady

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

strokenounUS /stroʊk/

(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

turtlenounUS /ˈtɜːrtəl/

a sweater or jersey with a high close-fitting collar

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading The poetic inspiration and openness to nature’s voices, so prominent during the former days of Jewish psalmody and prophecy, had greatly decayed under the influence of a harsh formalism.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

water'snounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

possessive form of “water” — binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The air was laden with fragrant exhalations from spicy shrubs, the bending branches of which hung over the water on either bank; the grounds immediately upon the river being generally laid out in gardens, which, like those of Benoni, extended to the water’s edge.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The lily and rose‐tree, the oleander and mulberry, each made its contribution of sweet odors, while their misty shadows quivered upon the surface of the water as the two moved gently by.

whistleverbUS /ˈwɪsəl/

make whistling sounds

From this reading Out of the thick foliage, here and there, came the song of a nightingale, the soft whistle of a quail, or the cooing of a turtle‐dove calling its mate, perchance disturbed by the plash of the oars.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Saulus plied the oars with a steady stroke that would have done credit to more mature muscles, and the light shallop with its precious freight glided rapidly over the mirror‐like surface of the Cydnus.

Chapter 4 of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era by Henry Wood holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era contain?

Chapter 4 holds 158 sentences of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era by Henry Wood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #55225, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 586 minutes of reading across 1407 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era

Words and structures a reader meets early in Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Victor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Serenus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pauline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victor Serenus: A Story of the Pauline Era; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.