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Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship
Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.
For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.
But, on the whole, I am happy and content.
It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.
Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.
Line 2
For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.
Line 3
But, on the whole, I am happy and content.
/bʌt ɑːn ðə hoʊl aɪ æm ˈhæpi ənd ˈkɑːntent/
Line 4
It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.
/ɪt ɪz ˈnesəseri ðæt aɪ ʃʊd dɪˈskraɪb ðə pəˈzɪʃən ʌv maɪ ruːm ˈræðər ˈmɪnətli/
Line 5
Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.
/ɪts ˈoʊnli ˈwɪndoʊ ɪz əˈbaʊt faɪv fiːt əˈbʌv ðə ˈwɔːtər ʌv ðə kəˈnæl ənd əˈbʌv ɪt ðə haʊs ˈprɑːdʒekts sʌm sɪks fiːt ənd ˈoʊvərhæŋz ðə ˈwɔːtər ðə prəˈdʒektɪŋ ˈpɔːrʃən ˈbiːɪŋ səˈpɔːrtɪd baɪ staʊt paɪlz ˈdrɪvən ˈɪntuː ðə bed ʌv ðə kəˈnæl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attends verb US /əˈtendz/

third-person singular of “attend” — be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

canals noun US /kəˈnælz/

plural of “canal” — (astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

cheapest adjective US /ˈtʃiːpəst/

superlative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

drawings noun US /ˈdrɔːɪŋz/

plural of “drawing” — an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

minutely adverb US /ˈmɪnətli/

in minute detail

From this reading “It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.”

models noun US /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

overhangs noun US /ˈoʊvərhæŋz/

plural of “overhang” — projection that extends beyond or hangs over something else

From this reading “Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.”

sells noun US /selz/

plural of “sell” — the activity of persuading someone to buy

From this reading “For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

attendsverbUS /əˈtendz/

third-person singular of “attend” — be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

bednounUS /bed/

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

canalsnounUS /kəˈnælz/

plural of “canal” — (astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

cheapestadjectiveUS /ˈtʃiːpəst/

superlative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading But, on the whole, I am happy and content.

deafadjectiveUS /def/

lacking or deprived of the sense of hearing wholly or in part

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

dealernounUS /ˈdiːlər/

someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

drawingsnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋz/

plural of “drawing” — an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

eke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading But, on the whole, I am happy and content.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

incomenounUS /ˈɪnkʌm/

the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

minutelyadverbUS /ˈmɪnətli/

in minute detail

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

modelsnounUS /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

overhangsnounUS /ˈoʊvərhæŋz/

plural of “overhang” — projection that extends beyond or hangs over something else

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

paralysed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

pilesnounUS /paɪlz/

venous swelling external or internal to the anal sphincter

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

projectingadjectiveUS /prəˈdʒektɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

projectsnounUS /ˈprɑːdʒekts/

plural of “project” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

sellsnounUS /selz/

plural of “sell” — the activity of persuading someone to buy

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

sofanounUS /ˈsoʊfə/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

sumsnounUS /sʌmz/

plural of “sum” — a quantity of money

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

supportedadjectiveUS /səˈpɔːrtɪd/

sustained or maintained by aid (as distinct from physical support)

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is necessary that I should describe the position of my room rather minutely.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

VenicenounUS /ˈvenəs/

the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

water-colournoun

water-soluble pigment

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But, on the whole, I am happy and content.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Its only window is about five feet above the water of the canal, and above it the house projects some six feet, and overhangs the water, the projecting portion being supported by stout piles driven into the bed of the canal.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading For the last six years I have occupied a small room, giving on to one of the side canals of Venice, and having no one about me but a deaf old woman, who makes my bed and attends to my food; and there I eke out a poor income of about thirty pounds a year by making water-colour drawings of flowers and fruit (they are the cheapest models in Venice), and these I send to a friend in London, who sells them to a dealer for small sums.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading I am a poor paralysed fellow who, for many years past, has been confined to a bed or a sofa.

Chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship by W. S. (William Schwenck) [Contributor] Gilbert holds 436 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship contain?

Chapter 1 holds 436 sentences of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship by W. S. (William Schwenck) [Contributor] Gilbert exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 436 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship

Common questions about reading Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship by W. S. (William Schwenck) [Contributor] Gilbert on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship?

Yes. All 2098 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15381 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15381, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship take to read?

About 174 minutes of reading across 420 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship section by section

How to work through Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship

Words and structures a reader meets early in Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Paralysed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fellow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Confined
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Victorian Short Stories: Stories of Courtship; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.