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Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life
Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.
Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.
The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.
And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.
German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.
Line 2
Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.
/nɑːt ˈoʊnli ðer ˈnuːzpeɪpərz bʌt ðer ˈedʒəkeɪtərz ðer ˈpæstərz ənd mɔːr ðæn ɔːl ðer ˈmɪləteri ənd pəˈlɪtəkəl ˈliːdərz toʊld ðem ðæt ə pleɪs əˈbʌv ðə rest ʌv ˈmænˈkaɪnd hæd bɪn riːtʃt/
Line 3
The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.
Line 4
And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.
Line 5
German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.
/ˈdʒɜːrmən ˈwɪmən nuː ðeɪ wɜːr ðə best ˈhaʊskiːpərz waɪvz ˈmʌðərz ˈdresərz ˈdænsərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dancers noun US /ˈdænsərz/

plural of “dancer” — a performer who dances professionally

From this reading “German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.”

dressers noun US /ˈdresərz/

plural of “dresser” — furniture with drawers for keeping clothes

From this reading “German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.”

educators noun US /ˈedʒəkeɪtərz/

plural of “educator” — someone who educates young people

From this reading “Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.”

Germans noun US /ˈdʒɜːrmənz/

plural of “german” — a person of German nationality

From this reading “Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.”

housekeepers noun US /ˈhaʊskiːpərz/

plural of “housekeeper” — a servant who is employed to perform domestic task in a household

From this reading “German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.”

merited adjective US /ˈmerɪtɪd/

properly deserved

From this reading “And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.”

pastors noun US /ˈpæstərz/

plural of “pastor” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.”

pervading verb US /pərˈveɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading “The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1913

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

assurancenounUS /əˈʃʊrəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

dancersnounUS /ˈdænsərz/

plural of “dancer” — a performer who dances professionally

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

dressersnounUS /ˈdresərz/

plural of “dresser” — furniture with drawers for keeping clothes

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

earnedadjectiveUS /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

educatorsnounUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtərz/

plural of “educator” — someone who educates young people

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

efflorescencenoun

the period of greatest prosperity or productivity

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

GermansnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmənz/

plural of “german” — a person of German nationality

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

hardyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrdi/

having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

helpingnounUS /ˈhelpɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

housekeepersnounUS /ˈhaʊskiːpərz/

plural of “housekeeper” — a servant who is employed to perform domestic task in a household

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

meritedadjectiveUS /ˈmerɪtɪd/

properly deserved

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

mothersnounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

plural of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

newspapersnounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpərz/

plural of “newspaper” — a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

pastorsnounUS /ˈpæstərz/

plural of “pastor” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

pervadingverbUS /pərˈveɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

speedilyadverbUS /ˈspiːdəli/

with speed

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

stiffadjectiveUS /stɪf/

not moving or operating freely

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

supremeadjectiveUS /səˈpriːm/

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

Teutons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading And the Teutons had earned and therefore merited it all, for no one, nothing, scarcely even Nature, had lent a helping hand.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Not only their newspapers but their educators, their pastors and, more than all, their military and political leaders told them that a place above the rest of mankind had been reached.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading The pride, the assurance, pervading the land was the stiff and hardy efflorescence of this universal conclusion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus the Germans, in 1913, felt how supreme their country was or was speedily becoming.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

wivesnounUS /waɪvz/

plural of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading German women knew they were the best housekeepers, wives, mothers, dressers, dancers.

Chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life by Stuart Oliver Henry holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 43 sentences of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life by Stuart Oliver Henry exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life

Common questions about reading Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life by Stuart Oliver Henry on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life?

Yes. All 4084 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19946 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19946, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life take to read?

About 340 minutes of reading across 817 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Germans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Supreme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Country
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Speedily
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Villa Elsa A Story of German Family Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.