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Vine and Olive
Vine and Olive

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Vine and Olive is here in full — 208 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.
Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.
It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.
The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.
There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Vine and Olive

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Vine and Olive is here in full — 208 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.
/ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə səˈvɪl ənd kəˈdiːz/
Line 2
Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.
/ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə ɪz ə ˈɡluːmi ənd ˈdesələt ˈsɪti wɪð əˈbaʊt ˈfɔːrti ˈθaʊzənd ɪnˈhæbətənts/
Line 3
It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.
/ɪt wɑːz wʌns ðə ˈkæpətəl ʌv ðə ˈkɪŋdəm ʌv ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə ənd hæd tuː ˈhʌndrəd ˈθaʊzənd ˈpiːpəl wɪˈðɪn ɪts wɔːlz ənd sʌm seɪ ə ˈmɪljən ðoʊ ðə ˈfɔːrmər ˈnʌmbər ɪz ˈdaʊtləs ˈnɪrər ðə truːθ/
Line 4
The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.
/ðə ɡræs ɡroʊz ɪn ɪts striːts naʊ ənd ɪt lʊks laɪk ə dɪˈzɜːrtɪd ˈsɪti æz ɪt ɪz/
Line 5
There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.
/ðer ɪz ˈoʊnli wʌn θɪŋ tuː siː ɪn ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə ənd ðæt ɪz ðə mɑːsk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cadiz noun US /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading “CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.”

cordova noun US /ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə/

Spanish explorer who discovered Yucatan (1475-1526)

From this reading “CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.”

desolate adjective US /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading “Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.”

grows verb US /ɡroʊz/

third-person singular of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading “The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.”

inhabitants noun US /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading “Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.”

million noun US /ˈmɪljən/

the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading “It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.”

mosque noun US /mɑːsk/

(Islam) a Muslim place of worship that usually has a minaret

From this reading “There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.”

seville noun US /səˈvɪl/

a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain

From this reading “CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

forty thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.”

hundred thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten

In this reading “It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.”

thousand inhabitants noun + noun counted as “thousand inhabitant”

In this reading “Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.”

two hundred noun + noun

being ten more than one hundred ninety

In this reading “It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.”

thousand people noun + noun

In this reading “It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

CADIZnounUS /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

CORDOVAnounUS /ˌkɔːrˈdoʊvə/

Spanish explorer who discovered Yucatan (1475-1526)

From this reading CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

growsverbUS /ɡroʊz/

third-person singular of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

looksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

millionnounUS /ˈmɪljən/

the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

mosquenounUS /mɑːsk/

(Islam) a Muslim place of worship that usually has a minaret

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

SEVILLEnounUS /səˈvɪl/

a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain

From this reading CORDOVA, SEVILLE, AND CADIZ.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The grass grows in its streets now, and it looks like a deserted city, as it is.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There is only one thing to see in Cordova, and that is the mosque.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Cordova is a gloomy and desolate city with about forty thousand inhabitants.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading It was once the capital of the kingdom of Cordova, and had two hundred thousand people within its walls; and some say a million, though the former number is doubtless nearer the truth.

Chapter 25 of Vine and Olive by Oliver Optic holds 208 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 25 of Vine and Olive contain?

Chapter 25 holds 208 sentences of Vine and Olive, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 25 of Vine and Olive by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 208 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 25 of Vine and Olive?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 25 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 25 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Vine and Olive

Common questions about reading Vine and Olive by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Vine and Olive?

Yes. All 5918 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47423 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Vine and Olive is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47423, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Vine and Olive take to read?

About 493 minutes of reading across 1184 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Vine and Olive

Words and structures a reader meets early in Vine and Olive, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Obvious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vine and Olive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Print
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Punctuation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Vine and Olive; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Errors
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