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Vineta, the Phantom City
Vineta, the Phantom City

Chapter XXV

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HUBERT GROWS MISANTHROPIC.
The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.
Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.
Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.
The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Vineta, the Phantom City

Chapter XXV

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HUBERT GROWS MISANTHROPIC.
Line 2
The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.
Line 3
Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.
Line 4
Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.
Line 5
The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Already noun US /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.”

Brought noun US /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.”

Passed noun US /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.”

Throughout preposition US /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading “The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.”

Whose determiner US /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading “The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1863

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

actors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

aided

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

alreadynounUS /already/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

Austria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

brave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

broughtnounUS /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

calamity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

cause

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

connivance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

conquered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

corps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

Count

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

crushed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

desolation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

downfall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

embers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

events

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

freedom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

frontier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

German

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

GROWS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HUBERT GROWS MISANTHROPIC.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

hearts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

history

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

hope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

HUBERT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HUBERT GROWS MISANTHROPIC.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

insurrection

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

main

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

March

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

MISANTHROPIC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HUBERT GROWS MISANTHROPIC.

Morynski's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

nation's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

national

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

overthrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

passednounUS /passed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

patriotic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

Polish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

province

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

Prussia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

reigned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

revolt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

revolution

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

Russia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

story

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

subdued

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

trampled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

tranquillity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

turning-point

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The overthrow of Count Morynski's corps had been the turning-point of the revolt on the German frontier.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The Polish insurrection of 1863-4, whose events have already passed into history, was subdued; tranquillity reigned throughout the conquered province, but it was the tranquillity of desolation.

wintry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Russia, aided by Prussia and with the connivance of Austria, had trampled out the last embers of the revolution.

witnessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those wintry March days of a year ago, which had brought such calamity to the main actors in our story, had also witnessed the downfall of a nation's cause and crushed out the last hope of national freedom from the hearts of a brave, patriotic people.