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Viola Gwyn
Viola Gwyn

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn is here in full — 374 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Viola Gwyn
Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.
Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.
A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.
His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.
"Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Viola Gwyn

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn is here in full — 374 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.
Line 2
Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.
Line 3
A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.
/ə mæn stʊd ˈpɑːrʃəli rɪˈviːld ɪn ðə ˈdɔːrweɪ/
Line 4
His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.
/hɪz left ɑːrm ənd ˈʃoʊldər wɜːr skriːnd frʌm vjuː baɪ ðə dʒæm hɪz hed wɑːz bent ˈfɔːrwərd æz hiː pɪrd ˌɪnˈtentli θruː ˈneroʊd aɪz æt ðə ˈstreɪndʒərz ɪn ðə roʊd/
Line 5
"Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.
/huː ɑːr juː ənd wʌt duː juː wɑːnt hiː kɔːld aʊt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barking verb US /ˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “bark” — speak in an unfriendly tone

From this reading “Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.”

bristling verb US /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading “Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.”

heralded adjective US /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading “Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.”

jamb noun US /dʒæm/

upright consisting of a vertical side member of a door or window frame

From this reading “His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.”

narrowed adjective US /ˈneroʊd/

reduced in size as by squeezing together

From this reading “His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.”

rein verb US /reɪn/

control and direct with or as if by reins

From this reading “Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.”

screened verb US /skriːnd/

past form of “screen” — test or examine for the presence of disease or infection

From this reading “His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.”

tract noun US /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading “Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

barkingverbUS /ˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “bark” — speak in an unfriendly tone

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

bristlingverbUS /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

clearingnounUS /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

deep-rutted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

dogsnounUS /dɑːɡz/

plural of “dog” — a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

doorwaynounUS /ˈdɔːrweɪ/

the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close

From this reading A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

far-reaching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

furiousadjectiveUS /ˈfjʊriəs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

greetverbUS /ɡriːt/

express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

heraldedadjectiveUS /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

horsemennounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

plural of “horseman” — a man skilled in equitation

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

inhospitalitynoun

unkind and inconsiderate welcome

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

intentlyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈtentli/

with strained or eager attention

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

jambnounUS /dʒæm/

upright consisting of a vertical side member of a door or window frame

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.

muddyadjectiveUS /ˈmʌdi/

(of soil) soft and watery

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

narrowedadjectiveUS /ˈneroʊd/

reduced in size as by squeezing together

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

partiallyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrʃəli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.

peeredverbUS /pɪrd/

past form of “peer” — look searchingly

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

reinverbUS /reɪn/

control and direct with or as if by reins

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

revealedverbUS /rɪˈviːld/

past form of “reveal” — make visible

From this reading A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

screenedverbUS /skriːnd/

past form of “screen” — test or examine for the presence of disease or infection

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

sombreadjective

lacking brightness or color; dull

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading A man stood partially revealed in the doorway.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

stump-strewn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

tractnounUS /trækt/

an extended area of land

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Night was falling as two horsemen drew rein in front of a cabin at the edge of a clearing in the far-reaching sombre forest.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His left arm and shoulder were screened from view by the jamb, his head was bent forward as he peered intently through narrowed eyes at the strangers in the road.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Their approach across the stump-strewn tract had been heralded by the barking of dogs,--two bristling beasts that came out upon the muddy, deep-rutted road to greet them with furious inhospitality.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Who are you, and what do you want?" he called out.

Chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn by George Barr McCutcheon holds 374 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn contain?

Chapter 1 holds 374 sentences of Viola Gwyn, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn by George Barr McCutcheon exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 374 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Viola Gwyn?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Viola Gwyn

Common questions about reading Viola Gwyn by George Barr McCutcheon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Viola Gwyn?

Yes. All 7103 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6013 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Viola Gwyn is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6013, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Viola Gwyn take to read?

About 591 minutes of reading across 1421 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Viola Gwyn section by section

How to work through Viola Gwyn section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of Viola Gwyn to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Viola Gwyn

Words and structures a reader meets early in Viola Gwyn, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola Gwyn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Falling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola Gwyn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Horsemen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola Gwyn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Front
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola Gwyn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.