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Viola's vanity
Viola's vanity

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Viola's vanity is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
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ALIENATION.
How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.
Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.
It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.
He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Viola's vanity

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Viola's vanity is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALIENATION.
/ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən/
Line 2
How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.
Line 3
Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.
Line 4
It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.
Line 5
He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.
/hiː hæd meɪd ðə ˈjuːʒəwəl ˈvɪzɪt ʌv kənˈdoʊləns əˈtendɪd ðə ˈfjuːnərəl ʌv ðə ˈeldər ɡeɪ ənd ʃoʊd noʊ læk ʌv ˈsɪmpəθi bʌt ɔːl ðə seɪm ðer kept ˈwaɪdənɪŋ bɪˈtwiːn ðem ðə rɪˈstreɪnt enˈdʒendərd baɪ ðə ˈnɑːlədʒ ðæt ðeɪ hæd bɪn ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs ˈraɪvəlz fɔːr ðə seɪm ˈlʌvli praɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alienation noun US /ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən/

the feeling of being alienated from other people

From this reading “ALIENATION.”

bereavement noun US /bərˈiːvmənt/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.”

blight noun US /blaɪt/

a state or condition being blighted

From this reading “How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.”

condolence noun US /kənˈdoʊləns/

an expression of sympathy with another's grief

From this reading “He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.”

engendered verb US /enˈdʒendərd/

past form of “engender” — call forth

From this reading “He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.”

fatally adverb US /ˈfeɪtəli/

with fatal consequences or implications

From this reading “Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.”

observances noun US /əbˈzɜːrvənsɪz/

plural of “observance” — the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading “It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.”

widening noun US /ˈwaɪdənɪŋ/

an increase in width

From this reading “He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

engendered by verb + particle counted as “engender by”

In this reading “He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.”

between two preposition + noun

In this reading “How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

ALIENATIONnounUS /ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃən/

the feeling of being alienated from other people

From this reading ALIENATION.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

bereavementnounUS /bərˈiːvmənt/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

blightnounUS /blaɪt/

a state or condition being blighted

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

condolencenounUS /kənˈdoʊləns/

an expression of sympathy with another's grief

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

coquettenoun

a seductive woman who uses her sex appeal to exploit men

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

creepingnounUS /ˈkriːpɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

demandedverbUS /dɪˈmændəd/

past form of “demand” — request urgently and forcefully

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

Desha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

emotionsnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃənz/

plural of “emotion” — any strong feeling

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

engenderedverbUS /enˈdʒendərd/

past form of “engender” — call forth

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

fatallyadverbUS /ˈfeɪtəli/

with fatal consequences or implications

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

Florian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

Florian's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

forgetfulnessnoun

tendency to forget

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

funeralnounUS /ˈfjuːnərəl/

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

GayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

heartsnounUS /hɑːrts/

a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

lacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

lackingadjectiveUS /ˈlækɪŋ/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

lastedverbUS /ˈlæstəd/

past form of “last” — persist for a specified period of time

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

lovelyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvli/

appealing to the emotions as well as the eye

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

naughtnounUS /nɔːt/

a quantity of no importance

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

observancesnounUS /əbˈzɜːrvənsɪz/

plural of “observance” — the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

PhilipnounUS /ˈfɪləp/

Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

prizenounUS /praɪz/

something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

rivalsnounUS /ˈraɪvəlz/

plural of “rival” — the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

sadnessnounUS /ˈsædnəs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

sympathynounUS /ˈsɪmpəθi/

an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

unbrokenadjectiveUS /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

unconsciousadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/

not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

waningnounUS /ˈweɪnɪŋ/

a gradual decrease in magnitude or extent

From this reading How sad it is to see the waning of a beautiful friendship between two noble hearts--friendship that should have lasted unbroken till death--to see the cold blight of alienation creeping in between those hearts day by day, till naught is left of those old, sweet emotions but the sadness of memory more cruel than forgetfulness.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was true that Desha had not been lacking in outward observances such as were demanded by Florian’s bereavement.

wideningnounUS /ˈwaɪdənɪŋ/

an increase in width

From this reading He had made the usual visit of condolence, attended the funeral of the elder Gay, and showed no lack of sympathy, but all the same there kept widening between them the restraint engendered by the knowledge that they had been unconscious rivals for the same lovely prize.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Philip Desha and Florian Gay would never be such fond friends again as they had been before the love of a beautiful coquette came so fatally between their hearts.

Chapter 28 of Viola's vanity by Alex. McVeigh, Mrs. Miller holds 65 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Viola's vanity contain?

Chapter 28 holds 65 sentences of Viola's vanity, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Viola's vanity by Alex. McVeigh, Mrs. Miller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 65 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Viola's vanity?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Viola's vanity

Common questions about reading Viola's vanity by Alex. McVeigh, Mrs. Miller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Viola's vanity?

Yes. All 2853 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #74796 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Viola's vanity is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #74796, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Viola's vanity take to read?

About 237 minutes of reading across 571 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Viola's vanity section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Viola's vanity

Words and structures a reader meets early in Viola's vanity, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Viols
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola's vanity; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Played
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola's vanity; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lamps
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola's vanity; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Above
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Viola's vanity; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.