Chapter 31 of Virgin Soil is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XXXI
Chapter 31 of Virgin Soil is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed. His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee. She went up to him. “Good morning, Alexai. Why, you haven’t undressed?
Chapter 31 of Virgin Soil is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
an upholstered seat for more than one person
From this reading “XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.”
dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination
From this reading “XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.”
to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)
From this reading “XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.”
lacking in or deprived of strength or power
From this reading “His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.”
hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella
From this reading “His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.”
-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position
From this reading “His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.”
of lumber or stone or hides; not finished or dressed
From this reading “Why, you haven’t undressed?”
wanting in physical strength
From this reading “His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
touching and pressing; in opposition to
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading “Good morning, Alexai.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
an upholstered seat for more than one person
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified
From this reading “Good morning, Alexai.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Why, you haven’t undressed?
the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
lacking in or deprived of strength or power
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading She went up to him.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
put into a certain place or abstract location
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
the time period between dawn and noon
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
being perceived or observed
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
not allowed to continue to bat or run
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
-ing form of “rest” — not move; be in a resting position
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading She went up to him.
of lumber or stone or hides; not finished or dressed
From this reading Why, you haven’t undressed?
being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level
From this reading She went up to him.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
wanting in physical strength
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading She went up to him.
at the time that
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
during the time that
From this reading His head was resting against one arm, while the other lay weak and helpless on his knee.
the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”
From this reading Why, you haven’t undressed?
being six more than thirty
From this reading XXXVI When Mariana came out of her room that morning she noticed Nejdanov sitting on the couch fully dressed.
the person or people being spoken to
From this reading Why, you haven’t undressed?
Chapter 31 of Virgin Soil by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 201 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 31 holds 201 sentences of Virgin Soil, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 31 of Virgin Soil by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 201 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Virgin Soil by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 6780 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2466 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #2466, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 565 minutes of reading across 1356 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Virgin Soil section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 33 chapters of Virgin Soil to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Virgin Soil, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
