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Virginia
Virginia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Virginia is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Virginia
Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.
She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.
The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.
While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.
The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Virginia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Virginia is here in full — 107 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.
Line 2
She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.
Line 3
The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.
Line 4
While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.
/waɪl ˈaʊər ˈbrekfəst wɑːz priˈperɪŋ wiː ɔːl ˈɡæðərd ɪn ðə ˈfɔːrwərd ˈkɑːkpɪt tuː ˌenˈdʒɔɪ ðə siːn ənd ðə laɪf əˈbaʊt ʌs/
Line 5
The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.
/ðə ˈhaʊsboʊt wɑːz ˈlaɪɪŋ ɪn ə ˈkwaɪət ləˈɡuːn ˈbɔːrdərd ɑːn ðə ˈmeɪnlænd saɪd baɪ ə bɪt ʌv vərˈdʒɪnjəz ɡreɪt trʌk ˈɡɑːrdən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cockpit noun US /ˈkɑːkpɪt/

compartment where the pilot sits while flying the aircraft

From this reading “While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.”

emptying noun US /ˈemptiɪŋ/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading “Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.”

Hampton noun US /ˈhæmptən/

United States musician who was the first to use the vibraphone as a jazz instrument (1913-2002)

From this reading “Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.”

houseboat noun US /ˈhaʊsboʊt/

a barge that is designed and equipped for use as a dwelling

From this reading “The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.”

lumbering noun US /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading “Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.”

mainland noun US /ˈmeɪnlænd/

the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula

From this reading “The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.”

truck noun US /trʌk/

an automotive vehicle suitable for hauling

From this reading “The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.”

Virginia's noun US /vərˈdʒɪnjəz/

possessive form of “virginia” — a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading “The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

adonounUS /əˈduː/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

anchoredverbUS /ˈæŋkərd/

past form of “anchor” — fix firmly and stably

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

bethought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

borderedadjectiveUS /ˈbɔːrdərd/

having a border especially of a specified kind; sometimes used as a combining term

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

breakfastless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

Chesapeake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

cockpitnounUS /ˈkɑːkpɪt/

compartment where the pilot sits while flying the aircraft

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

Craney

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

cruiseverbUS /kruːz/

drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

DaylightnounUS /ˈdeɪlaɪt/

the time after sunrise and before sunset while it is light outside

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

emptyingnounUS /ˈemptiɪŋ/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

enjoyverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪ/

derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

estuarialadjective

of or relating to or found in estuaries

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

Gadaboutnoun

a restless seeker after amusement or social companionship

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

HamptonnounUS /ˈhæmptən/

United States musician who was the first to use the vibraphone as a jazz instrument (1913-2002)

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

historicadjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪk/

belonging to the past; of what is important or famous in the past

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

houseboatnounUS /ˈhaʊsboʊt/

a barge that is designed and equipped for use as a dwelling

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

lagoonnounUS /ləˈɡuːn/

a body of water cut off from a larger body by a reef of sand or coral

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

lumberingnounUS /ˈlʌmbərɪŋ/

the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

mainlandnounUS /ˈmeɪnlænd/

the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

preparingverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

RoadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading While our breakfast was preparing, we all gathered in the forward cockpit to enjoy the scene and the life about us.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

trucknounUS /trʌk/

an automotive vehicle suitable for hauling

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

undertakingnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋ/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

Virginia'snounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjəz/

possessive form of “virginia” — a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading The houseboat was lying in a quiet lagoon bordered on the mainland side by a bit of Virginia's great truck garden.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

wheelverbUS /wiːl/

change directions as if revolving on a pivot

From this reading The wheel was put over hard to port (we got that out of the books) and the craft was run in behind Craney Island and anchored.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading She would probably have started in upon her cruise up the historic river without more ado if we had not bethought ourselves that she was carrying us into the undertaking breakfastless.

yawningadjectiveUS /ˈjɔːnɪŋ/

gaping open as if threatening to engulf someone or something

From this reading Daylight came while Gadabout was lumbering down the Elizabeth, and in the glory of the early morning she followed its waters out into Hampton Roads, the yawning estuarial mouth of the James emptying into Chesapeake Bay.

Chapter 1 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins holds 107 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Virginia contain?

Chapter 1 holds 107 sentences of Virginia, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 107 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Virginia?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Virginia

Common questions about reading Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Virginia?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Virginia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Virginia take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Virginia section by section

How to work through Virginia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Virginia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Virginia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Virginia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daylight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gadabout
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lumbering
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.