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Virginia
Virginia

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Virginia is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.
The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.
All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.
In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.
When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Virginia

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Virginia is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.
Line 2
The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.
Line 3
All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.
Line 4
In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.
Line 5
When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

colonists noun US /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.”

drifted verb US /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading “A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.”

engines noun US /ˈendʒənz/

plural of “engine” — motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading “A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.”

jamestown noun US /ˈdʒeɪmztaʊn/

a former village on the James River in Virginia to the north of Norfolk; site of the first permanent English settlement in America in 1607

From this reading “A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.”

marsh noun US /mɑːrʃ/

low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading “The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.”

slowed verb US /sloʊd/

past form of “slow” — lose velocity; move more slowly

From this reading “A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.”

surge verb US /sɜːrdʒ/

rise and move, as in waves or billows

From this reading “In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.”

wooded adjective US /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading “The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

AROUNDprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

BackadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

close-lying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

colonistsnounUS /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

driftedverbUS /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

enginesnounUS /ˈendʒənz/

plural of “engine” — motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

fringedadjective

surrounded as with a border or fringe; sometimes used in combination

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

Gadaboutnoun

a restless seeker after amusement or social companionship

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

ISLANDnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

JAMESTOWNnounUS /ˈdʒeɪmztaʊn/

a former village on the James River in Virginia to the north of Norfolk; site of the first permanent English settlement in America in 1607

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

landingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

loneness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

marshnounUS /mɑːrʃ/

low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation; usually is a transition zone between land and water

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

RUNverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

shallows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

slowedverbUS /sloʊd/

past form of “slow” — lose velocity; move more slowly

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

surgeverbUS /sɜːrdʒ/

rise and move, as in waves or billows

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

tiedadjectiveUS /taɪd/

bound or secured closely

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

unguidedadjective

not subject to guidance or control after launching

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading A RUN AROUND JAMESTOWN ISLAND Now Gadabout, her engines slowed down, drifted almost unguided among the shallows beside Jamestown Island; for our eyes were only for that close-lying shore and our thoughts for what it had to tell us.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading When we took Gadabout in hand again, we did not keep along the front of the island to where the colonists "tied their ships to the trees" and made their landing; but, instead, we turned from the James and ran up Back River in behind the island.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading In keeping with the whole sad story seemed the gloom of the forest, the loneness of the marsh, and the surge of the waves upon the desolate shore.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

woodedadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading The end of the island toward us was well wooded though fringed with marsh.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading All of it that could be seen was just as we would have it--without a mark of civilization; wild, lonely, and still.

Chapter 3 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Virginia contain?

Chapter 3 holds 76 sentences of Virginia, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Virginia?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Virginia

Common questions about reading Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Virginia?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Virginia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Virginia take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Virginia section by section

How to work through Virginia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Virginia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Virginia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Virginia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daylight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gadabout
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lumbering
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.