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Virginia
Virginia

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Virginia is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.
We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.
We always enjoyed these changes of mind.
They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.
There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Virginia

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Virginia is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.
Line 2
We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.
Line 3
We always enjoyed these changes of mind.
/wiː ˈɔːlweɪz ˌenˈdʒɔɪd ðiːz ˈtʃeɪndʒəz ʌv maɪnd/
Line 4
They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.
/ðeɪ ˈædəd soʊ mʌtʃ ðə mɔːr tuː ˈaʊər sens ʌv ˈfriːdəm ənd ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/
Line 5
There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.
/ðer wɜːr noʊ bɪts ʌv ˈkɑːrdbɔːrd wɪð ðə neɪmz ʌv ˈsteɪʃənz ˈprɪntɪd ɑːn ðem tuː ˌpriːˈdestən ˈaʊər weɪ noʊ ˈbæɡədʒ tʃeks tuː kənˈsaɪn ˈaʊər bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋz tuː fɪkst ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

berkeley noun US /ˈbɜːrkli/

Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753)

From this reading “A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.”

cardboard noun US /ˈkɑːrdbɔːrd/

a stiff moderately thick paper

From this reading “There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.”

consign verb US /kənˈsaɪn/

commit forever; commit irrevocably

From this reading “There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.”

destinations noun US /ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “destination” — the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading “There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.”

enjoyable adjective US /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading “A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.”

Powell's noun US /ˈpoʊɪlz/

possessive form of “powell” — United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)

From this reading “We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.”

predestine verb US /ˌpriːˈdestən/

decree or determine beforehand

From this reading “There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.”

prerogatives noun US /prɪˈrɑːɡətɪvz/

plural of “prerogative” — a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)

From this reading “A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading We always enjoyed these changes of mind.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

BADadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

baggagenounUS /ˈbæɡədʒ/

cases used to carry belongings when traveling

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

belongingsnounUS /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋz/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

belongsverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋz/

third-person singular of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

BERKELEYnounUS /ˈbɜːrkli/

Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753)

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

bitsnounUS /bɪts/

plural of “bit” — a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

cardboardnounUS /ˈkɑːrdbɔːrd/

a stiff moderately thick paper

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading We always enjoyed these changes of mind.

changingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

marked by continuous change or effective action

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

checksnounUS /tʃeks/

plural of “check” — a written order directing a bank to pay money

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

consignverbUS /kənˈsaɪn/

commit forever; commit irrevocably

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

CreeknounUS /kriːk/

a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

destinationnounUS /ˌdestəˈneɪʃən/

the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

destinationsnounUS /ˌdestəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “destination” — the place designated as the end (as of a race or journey)

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

determinationnounUS /dɪˌtɜːrməˈneɪʃən/

the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

enjoyableadjectiveUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading We always enjoyed these changes of mind.

Eppes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

exercisedverbUS /ˈeksərsaɪzd/

past form of “exercise” — put to use

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

freedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

houseboater

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

independencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

Powell'snounUS /ˈpoʊɪlz/

possessive form of “powell” — United States general who was the first African American to serve as chief of staff; later served as Secretary of State under President George W. Bush (born 1937)

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

predestineverbUS /ˌpriːˈdestən/

decree or determine beforehand

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

prerogativesnounUS /prɪˈrɑːɡətɪvz/

plural of “prerogative” — a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

STARTverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

stationsnounUS /ˈsteɪʃənz/

(Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading We always enjoyed these changes of mind.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They added so much the more to our sense of freedom and independence.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

travellersnounUS /ˈtrævələrz/

plural of “traveller” — a person who changes location

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

VIEWnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading A BAD START AND A VIEW OF BERKELEY On the next morning, we exercised one of the most enjoyable prerogatives of the houseboater, one that belongs to him as to but few other travellers--that of changing his mind and his destination.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were no bits of cardboard with the names of stations printed on them to predestine our way; no baggage checks to consign our belongings to fixed destinations.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We sat down to breakfast with the intention of moving on up the James to Eppes Creek; we rose from the table with the determination to make a run up Powell's Creek, which was a little above us on the other side of the river.

Chapter 21 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins holds 150 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Virginia contain?

Chapter 21 holds 150 sentences of Virginia, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 150 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Virginia?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Virginia

Common questions about reading Virginia by Frank W. Hutchins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Virginia?

Yes. All 2485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11731 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Virginia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11731, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Virginia take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 497 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Virginia section by section

How to work through Virginia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Virginia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Virginia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Virginia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Daylight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gadabout
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lumbering
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Virginia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.